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any place of assembly

  • 1 comitium

    cŏm-ĭtĭum, ii, n. [locus a coëundo, id est insimul veniendo, est dictus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 38, 12 Müll.; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 155 id.: comitium ab eo quod coibant eo comitiis curiatis, et litium causā].
    I.
    In sing., the place for the assembling of the Romans voting by the curiœ situated near the Forum, and separated from it by the ancient Rostra, but sometimes considered as a part of the Forum in a more extended sense (hence, in Dion. Halic. ho kratistos and o epiphanestatos tês agoras topos: IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO, XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20; Cic. Sest. 35, 75; id. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58; id. Brut. 84, 289; Liv. 1, 36, 5; 27, 36, 8; 10, 24, 18; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 9 et saep.; cf. Dict. of Antiq.—
    B.
    Transf., any place of assembly out of Rome;

    so of the Ephoreum at Sparta,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 2.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    quod (es) esset animi vestibulum et orationis janua et cogitationum comitium,

    App. Mag. 7, p. 278, 1; so, sacri pectoris, Mam. Grat. Act. ad Jul. 15.—
    II.
    Plur.: cŏmĭtĭa (access. form cŏmĭtĭae, Fratr. Arval. ap. Marin. p. 43; Gloss. Labb. p. 33), the assembly of the Romans for electing magistrates, etc., the comitia. —The comitia were of three kinds.
    1.
    Comitia curiata, the most ancient, voting by curiæ, held in the comitium (v. I.), gradually restricted by,
    2.
    The Comitia centuriata, the proper assembly of the populus Romanus, voting by centuries, instituted by Servius Tullius, continuing through the whole time of the republic, commonly held in the Campus Martius (not in the comitium, as is asserted by many from the similarity of the name; cf.

    campus, II.),

    Gell. 15, 27, 2 sqq.; Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 27; id. Dom. 14, 38; Liv. 5, 52, 15; cf. Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44.—
    3.
    Comitia tributa, voting by tribes, and commonly held in the Forum, but in choosing magistrates, freq. in the Campus Martius, convened for the first time in the trial of Coriolanus, two years after the introduction of the office of tribune of the people. In them the inferior magistrates (ædiles, tribunes of the people, quæstors), and, later, the Pontifex Maximus also, were chosen, Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 45; id. Agr. 2, 11, 27; Liv. 2, 58, 1; 2, 60, 4; Gell. 15, 27, 3; cf.

    Dict. of Antiq.—Upon the comitia calata, v. 1, calo.—The usual t. t. for holding such comitia is: comitia habere,

    Cic. Div. 2, 18, 43; freq. in all periods;

    they were designated according to the magistrates who were to be chosen in them, as consularia,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17; id. Mur. 18, 38:

    praetoria,

    Liv. 10, 22, 8:

    tribunicia,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1; Liv. 6, 39, 11:

    militaria,

    Liv. 3, 51, 8:

    quaestoria,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 1; cf.

    also: comitia consulum,

    Liv. 3, 20, 8; and:

    comitia fiunt regi creando,

    id. 1, 35, 1:

    edicere comitia consulibus creandis,

    id. 3, 37, 5:

    comitia conficere,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 36, 12:

    differre,

    Liv. 6, 37, 12:

    dimittere,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:

    ducere,

    id. ib. 4, 15, 7:

    inire,

    Suet. Vesp. 5.—
    B.
    Transf., of other elections, out of Rome, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129; Liv. 42, 43, 7; Tab. Heracl. v. 24 sq.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    ibo intro, ubi de capite meo sunt comitia, i. e.,

    where my fate is deciding, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 20:

    Pseudulus mihi centuriata capitis habuit comitia,

    id. Ps. 4, 7, 134:

    meo illic nunc sunt capiti comitia,

    id. Truc. 4, 3, 45.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > comitium

  • 2 Campi Aleii

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campi Aleii

  • 3 Campi Lapidei

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campi Lapidei

  • 4 Campi Macri

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campi Macri

  • 5 Campi Magni

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campi Magni

  • 6 Campi Veteres

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campi Veteres

  • 7 Campus

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campus

  • 8 campus

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > campus

  • 9 Campus Esquilinus

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campus Esquilinus

  • 10 Campus Flaminius

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campus Flaminius

  • 11 Campus Martius

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campus Martius

  • 12 Campus Sceleratus

    1.
    campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

    Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

    Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

    in camporum patentium aequoribus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

    aequor campi,

    Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

    aequo dare se campo,

    id. 9, 56:

    in aequo campi,

    Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    campos pedibus transire,

    Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

    campos et montes peragrantes,

    Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

    id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

    campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

    Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

    virentes,

    Lucr. 1, 19:

    frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

    Verg. G. 2, 185:

    gramineus,

    id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

    pingues Asiae,

    id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

    herbosus,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

    herbidus aquosusque,

    Liv. 9, 2, 7:

    opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

    id. 22, 3, 3:

    pigri,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

    Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

    agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

    si pinguis agros metabere campi,

    Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

    certamina magna per campos instructa,

    id. 2, 5:

    campus terrenus,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

    id. 24, 14, 6:

    (praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

    Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

    insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

    Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

    Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

    the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

    campum colligere,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—
    2.
    Meton., the produce of the field:

    moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 528.—
    B.
    Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

    caeruleos per campos,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

    campi natantes,

    Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

    liquentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

    campus Liberioris aquae,

    Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

    latus aquarum,

    id. ib. 1, 315;

    11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

    Verg. A. 5, 128.—
    C.
    Trop.:

    feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

    on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    (oratio) aequo congressa campo,

    on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

    velut campum nacti expositionis,

    id. 4, 2, 39.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    As geog. designation.
    1.
    Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—
    2.
    Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—
    3.
    Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—
    4.
    Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—
    5.
    Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—
    B.
    An open place in or near Rome.
    1.
    Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—
    2.
    Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —
    3.
    Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —
    4.
    Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,
    b.
    Meton., the comitia themselves:

    curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

    fors domina campi,

    id. Pis. 2, 3:

    venalis,

    Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—
    III.
    Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

    me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

    cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

    id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

    in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

    magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

    nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

    id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

    rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.
    2.
    campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

    marini = hippocampi,

    Mart. 9, 43, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Campus Sceleratus

  • 13 censeo

    1.
    cēnseo (on the long e, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 257 sq.), ui, censum (late Lat. censitum, Cod. Just. 11, 47 tit.; 11, 49 tit.; 11, 47, 4 al.; but not in Monum. Ancyr.; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 557), 2, v. a. [etym. dub.; often referred to root cas-, whence carmen, camoenus; but prob. from centum, orig. centere, to hundred or number the people; cf. Fischer, Gram. 1, p. 373].
    I.
    To tax, assess, rate, estimate.
    A.
    In reference to the census (v. census).
    1.
    Of the censor (v. censor).
    (α).
    Rarely act. with acc. of the persons or objects assessed or rated; but usu. pass., with subj. -nom.:

    censores populi aevitates, suboles, familias, pecuniasque censento,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7:

    census quom sum, juratori recte rationem dedi,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 30:

    censor ad quojus censionem, id est arbitrium, populus censeretur,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 81 Mull.:

    census... indicat eum qui sit census se jam tum gessisse pro cive,

    Cic. Arch. 5, 11: absentis censere jubere, P. Scipio ap. Gell. 5, 19, 16: ne absens censeare. Cic. Att. 1, 18, 8:

    sub lustrum censeri,

    id. ib.:

    milia octoginta eo lustro civium censa dicuntur,

    Liv. 1, 44, 2:

    censa civium capita centum septendecim milia trecenta undeviginti,

    id. 3, 24, 10; id. Epit. lib. 11; 13; 14:

    censebantur ejus aetatis lustris ducena quinquagena milia capitum,

    id. 9, 19, 2:

    cum capitum liberorum censa essent CLII. milia,

    Plin. 33, 1, 5, § 16: quid se vivere, quid in parte civium censeri, si... id obtinere universi non possint? Liv 7, 18, 5.—
    (β).
    With the amount at which the property was rated, in the acc.: or abl.:

    praesertim census equestrem Summam nummorum,

    being assessed with the estate necessary to a Roman knight, Hor. A. P. 383:

    primae classis homines quicentum et viginti quinque milia aeris ampliusve censi erant... Ceterarumque omnium classium qui minore summa aeris censebantur,

    Gell. 7 (6), 13, 1 sq.—Hence, capite censi, those who were assessed ac cording to their ability to labor: qui nullo [p. 312] aut perquam parvo aere censebantur capite censi vocabantur. Extremus autem census capite censorum aeris fuit trecentis septuaginta quinque, Jul. Paul. ap. Gell. 16, 10, 10; Sall. J. 86, 2; Gell. 16, 10, 11; 16, 10, 14; Val. Max. 2, 3, 1; 7, 6, 1;

    and in the finite verb: omnia illius (i. e. sapientis) esse dicimus, cum... capite censebitur,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 8, 1. —
    (γ).
    Absol. in gerund.: censendi, censendo, ad censendum = census agendi, censui agendo, etc.: haec frequentia quae convenit ludorum censendique causa (i.e. census agendi causa, for the sake of the census), Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 54:

    mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem operosam... suo proprio magistratu egere... cui arbitrium formulae censendi subiceretur,

    the scheme for taking the census, Liv. 4, 8, 4:

    quia is censendo finis factus est,

    id. 1, 44, 2:

    civis Romanos ad censendum ex provinciis in Italiam revocarunt,

    Vell. 2, 15:

    aetatem in censendo significare necesse est... aetas autem spectatur censendi tempore,

    Dig. 50, 15, 3.—
    (δ).
    Censum censere = censum agere, only in the gerundial dat.:

    illud quaero, sintne illa praedia censui censendo, habeant jus civile,

    are they subject to the census, Cic. Fl. 32, 80: censores... edixerunt, legem censui censendo dicturos esse ut, etc., that he would add a rule for the taking of the census, according to which, etc., Liv. 43, 14, 5: censui censendo agri proprie appellantur qui et emi et venire jure civili possunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 5 Mull.—
    2.
    Of the assessment of the provinces under provincial officers (censores, and, under the later emperors, censitores).
    (α).
    Pass., with the territory as subject-nom.: quinto quoque anno Sicilia tota censetur;

    erat censa praetore Paeducaeo... quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset, censa denuo est,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139:

    omne territorium censeatur quoties, etc.,

    Cod. Just. 11, 58 (57), 4.—
    (β).
    The persons assessed as subject:

    ubi (coloni) censiti atque educati natique sunt,

    Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 6:

    quos in locis eisdem censitos esse constabit,

    ib. 11, 48 (47), 4.—With part. as attribute:

    rusticos censitosque servos vendi,

    Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7.—
    (γ).
    To determine by the census:

    cum antea per singulos viros, per binas vero mulieres capitis norma sit censa,

    Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 10:

    nisi forte privilegio aliquo materna origo censeatur,

    Dig. 50, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (δ).
    Act. with acc.:

    vos terras vestras levari censitione vultis, ego vero etiam aerem vestrum censere vellem,

    Spart. Pescen. Nig. 7.—
    3.
    Of the person assessed, to value, make a statement of one ' s property in the census.
    (α).
    Act. with acc.:

    in qua tribu ista praedia censuisti?

    Cic. Fl. 32, 80.—
    (β).
    Censeri, as dep. with acc.:

    census es praeterea numeratae pecuniae CXXX. Census es mancipia Amyntae... Cum te audisset servos suos esse censum, constabat inter omnes, si aliena censendo Decianus sua facere posset, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 32, 80; cf. Ov. P. 1, 2, 140; v. B. 2. c.—
    4.
    Hence, subst.: cēnsum, i, n.: quorum luxuries fortunata censa peperit, i.e. high estimates of property in the census, Cic. ap. Non. 202, 23 (Fragm. vol. xi. p. 134 B. and K.).
    B.
    Transf., of things and persons in gen., to value, estimate, rate.
    1.
    By a figure directly referring to the Roman census: aequo mendicus atque ille opulentissimus Censetur censu ad Acheruntem mortuus, will be rated by an equal census, i.e. in the same class, without considering their property, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 93: vos qui potestis ope vostra censerier, referring to a part of the audience, you, who may be rated according to your intelligence, analog. to capite censi (v. I. A. 1. b), id. Capt. prol. 15:

    nam argumentum hoc hic censebitur,

    will be rated, its census-class will be determined here, id. Poen. prol. 56: id in quoque optimum esse debet cui nascitur, quo censetur, according to which he is rated, i.e. his worth is determined, Sen. Ep. 76, 8.—And with two acc.: quintus Phosphorus, Junonia, immo Veneris stella censetur, is ranked as the fifth, App. de Mundo, p. 710.—
    2.
    With direct reference to the census.
    a.
    = aestimo, to estimate, weigh, value, appreciate.
    (α).
    With gen. of price:

    dic ergo quanti censes?

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 8, 8.—
    (β).
    In the pass.: si censenda nobis atque aestimanda res sit, utrum tandem pluris aestimemus pecuniam Pyrrhi? etc., if we have to weigh and estimate a thing, etc., Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48:

    anule... In quo censendum nil nisi dantis amor,

    Ov. Am. 2, 15, 2:

    interim autem facta sola censenda dicit atque in judicium vocanda,

    Gell. 7 (6), 3, 47.—
    b.
    = honorari, celebrari, with de aliquo, = for the sake of somebody (in Ovid):

    pro quibus ut maneat, de quo censeris, amicus, Comprecor, etc.,

    the friend for the sake of whom you are celebrated, who is the cause of your renown, Ov. P. 2, 5, 73:

    hoc domui debes de qua censeris,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 75.—
    c.
    Censeri, dep., = to distinguish, with acc. only once or twice in Ovid (v. I. A. 3. b):

    hanc semper... Est inter comites Marcia censa suas,

    has always distinguished her, Ov. P. 1, 2, 140.—
    d.
    Censeri aliqua re.
    (α).
    = to be appreciated, distinguished, celebrated for some quality, as if the quality were a standard determining the census, analog. to capite censeri (v. I. A. 1. b), very freq. in post-class. writings:

    Democritus cum divitiis censeri posset,

    when he might have been celebrated for his wealth, Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 4:

    Aristides quo totius Graeciae justitia censetur (quo = cujus justitia),

    id. 5, 3, ext. 3 med.: te custode matronalis stola censetur ( = tua, i.e. pudicitiae, custodia), the stola, etc., is appreciated for thy custody, id. 6, 1 prooem.:

    una adhuc victoria Carius Metius censebatur,

    Tac. Agr. 45:

    ut ipsi quoque qui egerunt non aliis magis orationibus censeantur,

    id. Dial. 39 fin.: non vitibus tantum censeri Chium, sed et operibus Anthermi filiorum, is celebrated not only for its grapes, but, etc., Plin. 36, 5, 2, § 12:

    et Galliae censentur hoc reditu,

    id. 19, 1, 2, § 7:

    quisquis paulo vetustior miles, hic te commilitone censetur,

    is distinguished for the fact that you were his fellow-soldier, Plin. Pan. 15 fin.:

    multiplici variaque doctrina censebatur,

    Suet. Gram. 10:

    felix quae tali censetur munere tellus,

    Mart. 9, 16, 5: censetur Apona Livio suo tellus, = for the fact that Livy was born there, id. 1, 61, 3:

    hi duo longaevo censentur Nestore fundi,

    for the fact that Nestor used them, id. 8, 6, 9:

    nec laude virorum censeri contenta fuit (Iberia),

    Claud. Laud. Seren. 67:

    libri mei non alia laude carius censentur, quam quod judicio vestro comprobantur,

    App. Flor. 4, 18, 3.—Hence,
    (β).
    = to be known by something (Appuleian):

    hoc nomine censebatur jam meus dominus,

    App. M. 8, p. 171:

    nomen quo tu censeris aiebat,

    id. ib. 5, p. 106: pro studio bibendi quo solo censetur, either known by, or distinguished for, id. Mag. p. 499:

    globorum caelestium supremum esse eum qui inerrabili meatu censetur,

    which is known by its unerring course, id. Phil. Nat. 1, p. 582.— And,
    (γ).
    As gram. t. t., to be marked by some peculiarity, according to which a word is classified: neque de armis et moeniis infitias eo quin figura multitudinis perpetua censeantur, that they are marked by the form of constant plurality, i. e. that they are pluralia tantum, Gell. 19, 8, 5; 10, 20, 8; 19, 13, 3.
    II.
    Of transactions in and by the Senate, to judge (in the meanings II. and III. the passive voice is not in class. use, while in I. the passive voice is by far the most freq.).
    A.
    To be of opinion, to propose, to vote, to move, referring to the votes of the senators when asked for their opinions (sententiam dicere).
    1.
    With a (passive) inf.-clause, denoting what should be decreed by the Senate (esse usu. omitted): rex his ferme verbis patres consulebat... Dic, inquit ei, quid censes? tum ille Puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo, I am of the opinion ( I move, propose) that satisfaction should be sought, etc., ancient formula ap. Liv. 1, 32, 11 sq.:

    primum igitur acta Caesaris servanda censeo,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16:

    hoc autem tempore ita censeo decernendum,

    id. ib. 5, 17, 45; 5, 6, 16; 5, 12, 31; 5, 12, 34; 5, 13, 36; 5, 14, 38; 5, 19, 53; 6, 1, 2; 9, 6, 14; 11, 15, 40; 12, 7, 17; 14, 1, 1; 14, 13, 35; cf.

    Regulus's advice in the Senate, being represented as a vote: captivos in senatu reddendos non censuit,

    Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39; 3, 31, 111:

    quare ita ego censeo... de confessis more majorum supplicium sumendum,

    Sall. C. 52, 36; 51, 8; 52, 14:

    Appius imperio consulari rem agendam censebat,

    Liv. 2, 23, 15:

    ut multi (senatores) delendam urbem censerent,

    id. 9, 26, 3; 2, 29, 7; 3, 40, 13; 10, 12, 1; 34, 4, 20; 38, 54, 6: cum ejus diei senatus consulta aureis litteris figenda in curia censuisset, Tac. A. 3, 57:

    ut nonnulli dedendum eum hostibus censuerint,

    Suet. Caes. 24; so id. ib. 14; id. Aug. 100; id. Tib. 4; id. Calig. 60; id. Claud. 26; id. Ner. 2; id. Vesp. 2. Of the emperor's vote in the Senate:

    commutandam censuit vocem, et pro peregrina nostratem requirendam,

    Suet. Tib. 71; so id. ib. 34; id. Aug. 55.—And with the copula expressed (very rare):

    qui censet eos... morte esse multandos,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 7.—Sometimes referring to sententia as subject:

    sententia quae censebat reddenda bona (inst. of eorum qui censebant),

    Liv. 2, 4, 3.—Sometimes with oportere for the gerundial predic. inf.:

    quibusdam censentibus (eum) Romulum appellari oportere,

    Suet. Aug. 7.—With pres. inf., inst. of a gerundial:

    hac corona civica L. Gellius in senatu Ciceronem consulem donari a re publica censuit,

    Gell. 5, 6, 15 (cf. II. B. 1. b.).—If the opinion of the senator does not refer to the chief question, but to incidental points, the predic. inf. may have any form:

    eas leges quas M. Antonius tulisse dicitur omnes censeo per vim et contra auspicia latas, eisque legibus populum non teneri,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 10:

    cum magna pars senatus... cum tyrannis bellum gerendum fuisse censerent... et urbem recipi, non capi, etc.,

    Liv. 26, 32, 2.—
    2.
    With ut, and negatively, ut ne or ne, generally when the clause has an active predicate, but also with passives instead of the gerundial inf.-clause:

    de ea re ita censeo uti consules designati dent operam uti senatus Kal. Jan. tuto haberi possit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 37:

    censeo ut iis qui in exercitu Antonii sunt, ne sit ea res fraudi, si, etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 12, 34:

    censebant omnes fere (senatores) ut in Italia supplementum meis et Bibuli legionibus scriberetur,

    id. Fam. 3, 3, 1:

    Cn. Pompeius (in senatu) dixit, sese... censere ut ad senatus auctoritatem populi quoque Romani beneficium erga me adjungeretur,

    id. Sest. 34, 74:

    quas ob res ita censeo: eorum qui cum M. Antonio sunt, etc.... iis fraudi ne sit quod cum M. Antonio fuerint,

    id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:

    Calidius, qui censebat ut Pompeius in suas provincias proficisceretur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 2:

    censuerunt quidam (senatores) ut Pannonicus, alii ut Invictus cognominaretur,

    Suet. Tib. 17:

    iterum censente ut Trebianis... concederetur (of the emperor's vote in the Senate),

    id. ib. 31.—And an inf.-clause, with neu or ut:

    sed ita censeo: publicandas eorum pecunias, etc.: neu quis postea de his ad senatum referat, etc.,

    Sall. C. 51, 43:

    qui partem bonorum publicandam, pars ut liberis relinqueretur, censuerat,

    Tac. A. 4, 20.—
    3.
    With a subj.-clause, without ut (rare in this connection;

    v. III. C. 3.): K. Fabius censuit... occuparent patres ipsi suum munus facere, captivum agrum plebi quam maxime aequaliter darent,

    Liv. 2, 48, 2.— And ironically with regard to incidental points: vereamini censeo ne... nimis aliquid severe statuisse videamini, I propose you should be afraid of having decreed too severe a punishment = of course, you will not be afraid, etc., Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13: misereamini censeo—deliquere homines adulescentuli per ambitionem—atque etiam armatos dimittatis, I propose that you pity them, etc., or I advise you to be merciful, Sall. C. 52, 26.—
    4.
    Ellipt., with a gerundial clause understood:

    dic quid censes (i. e. decernendum),

    Liv. 1, 32, 11: quod ego mea sententia censebam (i.e. decernendum), Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5, 2:

    senati decretum fit, sicut ille censuerat,

    Sall. C. 53, 1:

    quas ob res ita censeo... senatui placere, etc. ( = ita decernendum censeo, etc.),

    Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 15, § 17 sq.; 10, 11, 25 sq.; 11, 12, 29 sq.; 14, 14, 36 sq.—
    5.
    = sententiam dicere, to tell, to express one ' s opinion in the Senate (post-class.).
    (α).
    Absol.: Priscus Helvidius.. contra studium ejus (sc. Vitellii) censuerat, had voted, or had expressed an opinion against his wishes, Tac. H. 2, 91:

    cum parum sit, in senatu breviter censere, nisi, etc.,

    id. Dial. 36 fin.:

    sententias... prout libuisset perrogabat... ac si censendum magis quam adsentiendum esset,

    Suet. Aug. 35:

    igitur Cn. Piso, quo, inquit, loco censebis, Caesar? si primus, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 74.—
    (β).
    With adjectives in the neuter, substantively used: nec quoquam reperto (in senatu) qui... referre aut censere aliquid auderet, who dared to express an opinion on any [p. 313] thing, Suet. Caes. 20:

    per dissensionem diversa censentium,

    of the senators who expressed different opinions, id. Claud. 10.—
    (γ).
    With interrog. or rel.-clause:

    deinde ageret senatorem et censeret quid corrigi aut mutari vellet,

    Tac. A. 16, 28:

    cum censeat aliquis (in senatu) quod ex parte mihi placeat,

    Sen. Ep. 21, 9.
    B.
    Of the decrees or resolutions of the Senate, = decernere, placere, to resolve, decree.
    1.
    With inf.-clause.
    a.
    With gerund, without copula (v. II. A. 1.):

    eum, cujus supplicio senatus sollennes religiones expiandas saepe censuit,

    Cic. Mil. 27, 73:

    eos senatus non censuit redimendos,

    id. Off. 3, 32, 114; so id. N. D. 2, 4, 10; id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 15:

    senatus Caelium ab republica removendum censuit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 21:

    senatus censuit frequens coloniam Labicos deducendam,

    Liv. 4, 47, 6; 5, 24, 4:

    cum bello persequendos Tusculanos patres censuissent,

    id. 6, 25, 5; 3, 42, 6; 3, 49, 8; 7, 19, 7 et saep.—
    b.
    With pres. inf. pass. or act., with the force of a gerundial:

    de bonis regiis quae reddi antea censuerant ( = reddenda),

    Liv. 2, 5, 1:

    munera mitti legatis ex binis milibus aeris censuerunt (i.e. patres),

    id. 43, 5, 8; so id. 45, 44, 15 (v. 2. b.):

    eundem jus dicere Romae... patres censuerant,

    id. 45, 12, 13:

    cum senatus unum consulem, nominatimque Gnaeum Pompeium fieri censuisset,

    Suet. Caes. 26.—With both act. and pass. inf.:

    censuere patres, duas provincias Hispaniam rursus fieri... et Macedoniam Illyricumque eosdem... obtinere,

    Liv. 45, 16, 1.—With both pres. pass. and gerund. inff.:

    haec ita movere senatum, ut non expectanda comitia consuli censerent, sed dictatorem... dici,

    Liv. 27, 5, 14.—

    And with velle: senatus verbis nuntient, velle et censere eos ab armis discedere, etc.,

    Sall. J. 21, 4.—
    2.
    With ut or ne.
    a.
    In the words of the Senate, according to formula: quod L. Opimius verba fecit de re publica, de ea re ita censuerunt uti L. Opimius consul rem publicam defenderet, etc., ancient S. C. ap. Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 14: quod, etc., de ea re ita censuerunt ut M. Pomponius praetor animadverteret curaretque ut si, etc., S. C. ap. Suet. Rhet. 1; Gell. 15, 4, 1.—And with gerundial inf.-clause: quod C. Julius pontifex... de ea re ita censuerunt, uti M. Antonius consul hostiis majoribus... procuraret... Ibus uti procurasset satis habendum censuerunt, S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2.—
    b.
    As related by the historians, etc.:

    quoniam senatus censuisset, uti quicunque Galliam provinciam obtineret... Aeduos defenderet,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 35:

    patres censuerunt uti consules provincias inter se compararent,

    Liv. 30, 40, 12:

    senatus censuit ut domus ei... publica impensa restitueretur,

    Suet. Claud. 6;

    so with reference to the civil law,

    Dig. 49, 14, 15 quater. —With ne:

    senatum censuisse, ne quis illo anno genitus educaretur,

    Suet. Aug. 94.—And with inf -clause:

    filio regis Nicomedi ex ea summa munera dari censuerunt, et ut victimae... praeberentur,

    Liv. 45, 44, 15.—
    3.
    With a subj.-clause (very rare):

    senatus consulto quo censeretur, darent operam consules, etc.,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 73, 10.—
    4.
    With neutr. acc. pron. in place of a clause:

    cum vero id senatus frequens censuisset (sc. faciendum),

    Cic. Pis. 8, 18:

    ite in suffragium, et quae patres censuerunt vos jubete,

    Liv. 31, 7, 14:

    quodcunque vos censueritis,

    id. 34, 7, 15:

    quodpatres censuissent,

    id. 28, 45, 2.—
    5.
    With accusative of a noun, or a noun as passive subject, to decree or vote a thing (postclass.):

    nec tamen repertum nisi ut effigies principum, aras deum, templa et arcus aliaque solita... censuere,

    Tac. A. 3, 57:

    aram Clementiae, aram Amicitiae, effigiesque... censuere,

    id. ib. 4, 74: cum censeretur clipeus auro et magnitudine insignis inter auctores eloquentiae ( to be placed among, etc.), id. ib. 2, 83.—
    6.
    With both acc. and dat.
    (α).
    The dat. = against:

    bellum Samnitibus et patres censuerunt et populus jussit,

    Liv. 10, 12, 3.—
    (β).
    The dat. = in behalf of:

    censentur Ostorio triumphi insignia,

    Tac. A. 12, 38.—And with ut:

    sententiis eorum qui supplicationes et... vestem Principi triumphalem, utque ovans urbem iniret, effigiesque ejus... censuere,

    id. ib. 13, 8.
    III.
    Transf.
    A.
    Of the opinions and resolutions of other deliberating bodies, or of their members, to resolve, or to be of opinion.
    1.
    With inf.-clause.
    a.
    Gerundial:

    erant qui censerent de tertia vigilia in castra Cornelia recedendum (council of war),

    Caes. B. C. 2, 30:

    erant sententiae quae conandum omnibus modis castraque Vari oppugnanda censerent,

    id. ib.; so id. ib. 2, 31; id. B. G. 2, 31 fin.; 7, 21; 7, 77:

    pontifices, consules, patres conscripti mihi... pecunia publica aedificandam domum censuerunt,

    Cic. Pis. 22, 52: nunc surgendum censeo, I move we adjourn (in a literary meeting), id. de Or. 2, 90, 367:

    cum... pontifices solvendum religione populum censerent,

    Liv. 5, 23, 9:

    nunc has ruinas relinquendas non censerem (in an assembly of the people),

    id. 5, 53, 3:

    ego ita censeo, legatos extemplo Romam mittendos (in the Carthaginian Senate),

    id. 21, 10, 13:

    ante omnia Philippum et Macedonas in societatem belli... censeo deducendos esse (Hannibal in a council of war),

    id. 36, 7, 3; 5, 36, 8; Curt. 10, 6, 22; 10, 8, 12:

    cum septem judices cognovissent, duo censuerunt, reum exilio multandum, duo alii pecunia, tres reliqui capite puniendum,

    Gell. 9, 15, 7.—And with oportere inst. of a gerundial clause (referring to duty):

    neque sine gravi causa eum locum quem ceperant, dimitti censuerant oportere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 44.—With opus esse ( = expediency):

    Parmenio furto, non proelio opus esse censebat,

    Curt. 10, 8, 12.—
    b.
    With ordinary pres. inf.
    (α).
    In place of a gerundial:

    Antenor censet belli praecidere = praecidendam causam (in a council of war),

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 9.—
    (β).
    Denoting opinion about an existing state:

    Hasdrubal ultimam Hispaniae oram... ignaram adhuc Romanorum esse, eoque Carthaginiensibus satis fidam censebat,

    Liv. 27, 20, 6:

    Parmenio non alium locum proelio aptiorem esse censebat,

    Curt. 3, 7, 8.—
    2.
    With ut or ne:

    censeo ut satis diu te putes requiesse et iter reliquum conficere pergas (in a literary meeting),

    Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 290:

    plerique censebant ut noctu iter facerent (council of war),

    Caes. B. C. 1, 67:

    et nunc magnopere censere, ut unam anum... triginta milibus talentum auri permutet (council of war),

    Curt. 4, 11, 12:

    censeout D. Claudius ex hac die deus fiat (council of the gods),

    Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 9, 5: antiquos audio censuisse, ne (praenomina) cui ejusdem gentis patricio inderentur, resolved (family council), Gell. 9, 2, 11 (cf. Liv. 6, 20, 14).—
    3.
    With subj.-clause:

    nunc quoque arcessas censeo omnes navalis terrestrisque copias (Hannibal in council of war),

    Liv. 36, 7, 17: censeo relinquamus nebulonem hunc, eamus hinc protinus Jovi Optimo Maximo gratulatum (assembly of the people), Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3.—
    4.
    With acc. neutr. of a pron. or adj. substantively used:

    ego pro sententia mea hoc censeo: quandoquidem, etc.,

    Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 11, 4:

    nec dubitavere quin vera censeret,

    that his opinion was correct, Curt. 10, 6, 18.—
    5.
    Ellipt.:

    sententiis quarum pars deditionem, pars eruptionem censebat (i.e. faciendam),

    Caes. B. G. 7, 77 init.:

    ita uti censuerant Italici deditionem facit,

    Sall. J. 26, 2; so Caes. B. G. 7, 75.
    B.
    Of the orders of persons in authority (cf. II. B.).
    1.
    Of commanders, etc., by courtesy, inst. of velle, imperare, or a direct imperative sentence.
    (α).
    With gerundial inf. - clause: non tam imperavi quam censui sumptus legatis quam maxime ad legem Corneliam decernendos, I said, not strictly as an order, but as an opinion that, etc. (Cicero as proconsul), Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 6.—
    (β).
    With subj.-clause: arma quae ad me missuri eratis, iis censeo armetis milites quos vobiscum habetis, you had better, etc., Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, 4. —
    2.
    Of an order by the people (rare;

    gen. populus jubet): ita id (foedus) ratum fore si populus censuisset (i. e. confirmandum esse),

    Liv. 21, 19, 3.—
    3.
    Of the later emperors, in their ordinances (censemus = placet nobis, sancimus, imperamus, from the custom of the earlier emperors, who conveyed their commands in the form of an opinion in the senate; v. II. A. 1.).—With inf.clause, ut, ne, and subj.-clause:

    sex mensium spatium censemus debere servari,

    Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7:

    censemus ut, etc.,

    ib. 12, 37 (38), 13:

    censemus ne, etc.,

    ib. 12, 44 (45), 1: censemus vindicet, remaneat, ib. 11, 48 (47), 23:

    in commune jubes si quid censesve tenendum, Primus jussa subi,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 296.
    C.
    Of advice, given by one person to another (further development of III. A.).
    1.
    Ante-class. formula: faciundum censeo = I advise, with ut-clause, with quid, sic, etc.: censeo faciundum ut quadringentos aliquos milites ad verrucam illam ire jubeas, etc., I advise you to order, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 3, 7, 6:

    ego Tiresiam... consulam, Quid faciundum censeat,

    consult Tiresias as to what he advises, for his advice, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 80:

    consulam hanc rem amicos quid faciundum censeant,

    id. Men. 4, 3, 26; id. Most. 3, 1, 23:

    sic faciundum censeo: Da isti cistellam, etc.,

    id. Cist. 4, 2, 104:

    ego sic faciundum censeo: me honestiu'st Quam te, etc.,

    id. As. 4, 2, 11; id. Ep. 2, 2, 91:

    sane faciundum censeo,

    id. Stich. 4, 2, 38.—
    2.
    With ordinary gerundial inf.-clauses:

    narrandum ego istuc militi censebo,

    I advise you to let the soldier know that, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 42:

    exorando sumendam operam censeo,

    id. Stich. 1, 2, 22:

    quid nunc consili captandum censes?

    id. As. 2, 2, 91; id. Mil. 5, 25; id. Most. 1, 3, 115:

    idem tibi censeo faciendum,

    Cic. Off. 10, 1, 3:

    quos quidem tibi studiose et diligenter tractandos magno opere censeo,

    id. Fin. 4, 28, 79; id. Fam. 12, 28, 2.—Sometimes by aequum censere with an inf.-clause (in the comic poets):

    amicos consulam quo me modo Suspendere aequom censeant potissumum,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 50: qui homo cum animo... depugnat suo, Utrum ita se esse mavelit ut eum animus aequom censeat, An ita potius ut parentes... velint i. e. as his mind prompts him, id. Trin. 2, 2, 29; cf. E. 1. b. 8.—
    3.
    With a subj.clause (so esp. with censeo in 1 st pers.): censen' hominem interrogem? do you advise me to ask the man? etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 20:

    tu, si videbitur, ita censeo facias ut... supersedeas hoc labore itineris (cf.: faciundum censeo ut, 1. supra),

    Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 4:

    immo plane, inquam, Brute, legas (Gracchum) censeo,

    id. Brut. 33, 125:

    tu, si forte quid erit molestiae te ad Crassum et Calidium conferas censeo,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7:

    tu, censeo, tamen adhibeas Vettium,

    id. Att. 2, 4, 7:

    quae disputari de amicitia possunt, ab iis censeo petatis qui ista profitentur,

    id. Lael. 5, 17: tu, censeo, Luceriam venias: nusquam eris tutius, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 1, 1; 8, 11, A:

    censeo Via Appia iter facias, et celeriter Brundusium venias,

    id. ib. 8, 11, C: ad Caesarem mittas censeo, et ab eo hoc petas, Anton. ib. 10, 10, 2: sed hos tamen numeros censeo videas hodou parergon, Gell. 17, 20, 5:

    quam scit uterque, libens censebo exerceat artem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 44 (cf. Liv. 36, 7, 17, and Gell. 4, 18, 3, quoted III. A. 3.).—Of an advice given to an adversary, with irony:

    cetera si qua putes te occultius facere posse... magnopere censeo desistas,

    I strongly advise you to give up that idea, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 68, § 174:

    sed tu, Acci, consideres censeo diligenter, utrum censorum judicium grave esse velis an Egnatii,

    id. Clu. 48, 135:

    postulant ut excipiantur haec inexplicabilia. Tribunum censeant: aliquem adeant: a me... numquam impetrabunt,

    id. Ac. 2, 30, 97:

    ibi quaeratis socios censeo, ubi Saguntina clades ignota est,

    Liv. 21, 19, 10:

    solvas censeo, Sexte, creditori,

    Mart. 2, 13, 2.—And in jest:

    Treviros vites censeo, audio capitalis esse,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2:

    hi Plebei fuerunt, quos contemnas censeo... qua re ad patres censeo revertare,

    id. ib. 9, 21, 3:

    vites censeo porticum Philippi: si te viderit Hercules, peristi,

    Mart. 5, 49, 13; so id. ib. 11, 99, 8; 12, 61, 7.—For ironical senatorial advice, by which the contrary is meant, v. Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 52, 26, quoted II. A. 3.—
    4.
    With an ut-clause (with monere;

    very rare): illud tamen vel tu me monuisse vel censuisse puta... ut tu quoque animum inducas, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 8, 2.—
    5.
    With a clause understood: quo me vortam nescio: Pa. Si deos salutas, dextrovorsum censeo (i.e. id facias or faciundum censeo), Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 70: quo redeam? Pe. Equidem ad phrygionem censeo (i. e. redeas), id. Men. 4, 2, 53:

    quid nunc censes, Chrysale? (i. e. faciundum),

    id. Bacch. 4, 8, 112:

    ita faciam ut frater censuit,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 11:

    tibi igitur hoc censeo (i. e. faciendum): latendum tantisper ibidem, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 4: tu [p. 314] potes Kalendis spectare gladiatores, et ita censeo, id. ib. 16, 20:

    quid censes igitur? Ecquidnam est tui consilii ad? etc.,

    id. Att. 9, 12, 4: quid igitur censet (sapientia)? What is wisdom ' s advice? id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:

    scribi quid placeat, quid censeas,

    id. Att. 9, 19,4:

    ibitur igitur, et ita quidem ut censes,

    id. ib. 10, 15, 3:

    disce, docendus adhuc, quae censet amiculus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 3.
    D.
    Of opinions and views on general questions, to be of opinion, think, believe, hold (cf.: statuo, existimo, puto, aio, dico; freq. in class. prose; very rare in post-class. writers except Gellius; never with ut, ne, or subj.-clause).
    1.
    With inf.-clause:

    Plato mundum esse factum censet a deo sempiternum,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:

    Cyrenaici non omni malo aegritudinem effici censent, sed insperato,

    id. Tusc. 3, 13, 28:

    (Hieronymus) censet summum bonum esse sine ulla molestia vivere,

    id. Fin. 2, 5, 16:

    Aristoteles eos qui valetudinis causa furerent, censebat habere aliquid in animis praesagiens,

    id. Div. 1, 38, 81:

    Pythagoras censuit animum esse per naturam rerum omnem intentum et commeantem,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 27; so id. Ac. 1, 11, 40; 2, 42, 131; id. Fin. 1, 6, 20; 3, 15, 49; 3, 19, 64; 3, 21, 70; 4, 7, 17; 5, 7, 17; id. N. D. 1, 2, 3; 1, 2, 4; 1, 12, 29; 1, 13, 35 and 37; 1, 43, 120; 1, 44, 121; 2, 22, 57; 2, 16, 44; id. Sen. 12, 41; id. Leg. 1, 13, 36; id. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 10, 22; 1, 30, 72; 1, 45, 108; 3, 5, 11; 3, 22, 52; 4, 7, 14; id. Off. 1, 25, 88:

    Plato in civitate communis esse mulieres censuit,

    Gell. 18, 2, 8; 14, 5, 2; 18, 1, 4; 19, 12, 6.—If the opinion refers to what should be observed, oportere or debere is used, or a gerundial predicate with esse (so in Cic., but in Gell. 7, 15, 3, without esse):

    oportere delubra esse in urbibus censeo,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 26:

    M. Varro aeditumum dici oportere censet,

    Gell. 12, 10, 4; 14, 5, 2;

    so with debere,

    id. 17, 5, 5; 13, 8, 4:

    Cyrenaici... virtutem censuerunt ob eam rem esse laudandam,

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 116:

    (Ennius) non censet lugendam esse mortem quam immortalitas consequatur,

    id. Sen. 20, 73.—
    2.
    An inf.-clause understood:

    (dissensio est), a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur initium. Ego enim ab ultimis censeo (i. e. exordiendum esse),

    Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:

    si, Mimnermus uti censet, sine amore jocisque Nil est jucundum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 65:

    sic enim censuit,

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117.—
    3.
    With neutr. acc. of a pron.: hoc amplius censeo, in addition to the opinions mentioned I hold, etc., Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2:

    nullo (medico) idem censente,

    Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 11.—
    4.
    With a rel.-clause:

    Aesopus quae utilia... erant, non severe neque imperiose praecepit et censuit,

    he imparted his teachings and views, Gell. 2, 29, 1.—
    5.
    Absol.:

    non adligo me ad unum aliquem ex Stoicis proceribus. Est et mihi censendi jus,

    the right to impart my opinions, Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2.
    E.
    In gen., = arbitror, puto, existimo, judico (cf.: idem enim valet censere et arbitrari, Varr. ap. Non. p. 519, 29: censere nunc significat putare, nunc suadere, nunc decernere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 54, 11 Mull.).
    1.
    To judge, think, believe, suppose (freq. in ante-class. writings; very rare in Cic. except in the particular meanings, a.—ironically—and d.; always with inf.-clause expressed or understood).
    a.
    In gen.:

    atque ego censui abs te posse hoc me impetrare,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 12 sq.:

    satis jam delusam censeo: rem, ut est, nunc eloquamur,

    id. As. 3, 3, 141:

    nam si honeste censeam te facere posse, suadeam,

    id. Mil. 4, 8, 60:

    neque ego hac noctem longiorem me vidisse censeo,

    id. Am. 1, 1, 126:

    saluti quod tibi esse censeo,

    id. Merc. 1, 35; so id. Am. 4, 3, 2; id. Most. 1, 3, 127; id. Pers. 1, 1, 9; 2, 2, 8; 2, 3, 75 sq.; id. Truc. 2, 2, 60; id. As. 2, 2, 33; id. Aul. 2, 4, 30; 2, 4, 36; id. Cas. 2, 8, 38; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 53; id. Phorm. 2, 2, 13: aut domino, cujum id censebis esse, reddes, Cincius, Re Mil. l. iii., de ap. Gell. 16, 4, 2:

    eo namque omnem belli molem inclinaturam censebant (consules),

    Liv. 7, 32, 3:

    nec facturum aequa Samnitium populum censebant, si... oppugnarent,

    id. 7, 31, 7:

    quaeso ut ea quae dicam non a militibus imperatori dicta censeas,

    id. 7, 13, 8:

    at illa purgare se, quod quae utilia esse censebat... suasisset,

    Curt. 8, 3, 7: Alexander, tam memorabili victoria laetus, qua sibi Orientis fines apertos esse censebat, id. 9, 1, 1; so id. 10, 8, 22.—
    b.
    With reference to an erroneous opinion, to imagine, suppose, falsely believe:

    censebam me effugisse a vita marituma Ne navigarem, etc.,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 108:

    omnes eum (sc. Jovem) esse (Amphitruonem) censent servi,

    id. Am. prol. 122, 134:

    jam hic ero, quom illic censebis esse me,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 14:

    ardere censui aedes,

    id. ib. 5, 1, 15:

    ego hunc censebam esse te,

    id. Men. 5, 9, 13; so id. As. 5, 2, 20; id. Aul. 3, 5, 55; id. Bacch. 1, 2, 14; id. Men. 3, 3, 32; 5, 9, 76; id. Merc. 1, 2, 87; id. Poen. 1, 1, 54; 3, 1, 60; 3, 4, 25; id. Rud. 2, 4, 31; 4, 7, 35; id. Stich. 4, 2, 24; id. Truc. 1, 1, 72 et saep.: censuit se regem Porsenam occidere, Cass. Hem. ap. Non. p. 4, 88:

    non ipsa saxa magis sensu omni vacabant quam ille... cui se hic cruciatum censet optare,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107.—And ironically:

    nisi forte Diagoram aut Theodorum... censes superstitiosos fuisse,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 117:

    nisi forte etiam illi Semproniano senatus consulto me censes adfuisse, qui ne Romae quidem fui,

    id. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

    neminem me fortiorem esse censebam,

    Curt. 8, 14, 42.—
    c.
    Referring to what should take place.
    (α).
    With gerundial inf.-clause:

    navis praedatoria, Abs qua cavendum nobis sane censeo,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 70:

    soli gerundum censeo morem,

    id. Most. 1, 3, 69:

    neque vendundam censeo Quae libera est,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 39; so id. Eun. 4, 4, 53; 5, 8, 42; id. Hec. 4, 4, 94; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 17:

    ceterum ei qui consilium adferret opem quoque in eam rem adferendam censebant esse,

    Liv. 25, 11, 14.—
    (β).
    With oportere, debere, or an ordinary inf.-clause:

    solam illi me soli censeo esse oportere obedientem,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 47:

    quibus declaraveram, quo te animo censerem esse oportere, et quid tibi faciendum arbitrarer,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1:

    rursus interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,

    Curt. 8, 14, 43: impudens postulatio visa est, censere... ipsos id (bellum) advertere in se, agrosque suos pro alienis populandos obicere, to entertain the idea that they should direct that war against themselves and their own lands, etc., Liv. 21, 20, 4:

    munere eum fungi prioris censet amici = eum fungi oportere,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

    quae nos quoque sustinere censebat,

    App. M. 11, p. 253.—
    (γ).
    By aequum censere with ordinary inf.clause, expressed or understood, either = it is fair ( right) to do something, or something ought or should be done (so very freq. in the comic poets and Livy; rare in other writers): non ego istunc me potius quam te metuere aequom censeo, I do not think it right to fear him, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 51: quid me aequom censes pro illa tibi dare? What do you think I should give as a fair price? etc., id. As. 1, 3, 76: meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui, I thought it my duty that my mind should, etc., id. Trin. 2, 2, 27: ecquis est tandem qui vestrorum... aequom censeat poenas dare ob eam rem quod arguatur male facere voluisse? Cato ap. Gell. 6 (7), 3, 36:

    quis aequum censeret... receptos in fidem non defendi?

    Liv. 21, 19, 5; so id. 24, 37, 7; 5, 3, 8; 22, 32, 6.—And without emphasis upon the idea of fairness or right:

    si sunt ita ut ego aequom censeo,

    as I think they ought to be, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 55; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 87; 2, 3, 1; id. Merc. 3, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 1, 11; id. Ep. 4, 1, 29; id. Stich. 2, 2, 20; 4, 1, 42:

    qui aequom esse censeant, nos jam a pueris ilico nasci senes,

    who believe that we should be born as old men right from childhood, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 2; so id. ib. 5, 5, 11; id. Ad. 4, 3, 10:

    qui aequom censeant rem perniciosam utili praeponi,

    Auct. Her. 2, 14, 22: (tribuni) intercedebant;

    senatum quaerere de pecunia non relata in publicum... aequum censebant,

    Liv. 38, 54, 5:

    cives civibus parcere aequum censebat,

    Nep. Thras. 2, 6.—
    d.
    Very freq., esp. in Cic., when a question, rhetorical or real, is addressed to a second person, often referring to erroneous opinions:

    an fores censebas nobis publicitus praeberier?

    Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 7:

    clanculum istaec te flagitia facere censebas potesse?

    id. Men. 4, 2, 47:

    hicine nos habitare censes?

    id. Trin. 4, 3, 72:

    omnes cinaedos esse censes, tu quia es?

    id. Men. 3, 2, 48; so id. As. 2, 4, 78; 5, 2, 37; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 41; 5, 2. 82; id. Capt. 4, 2, 66; 4, 2, 74; 5, 2, 16; id. Cas. 2, 6, 29; id. Men. 5, 5, 25: continuo dari Tibi verba censes? Ter. And. 3, 2, 25; so id. ib. 3, 3, 13; 4, 4, 55; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 38; id. Hec. 4, 1, 32; 4, 4, 53; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 35:

    adeone me delirare censes ut ista esse credam?

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 10:

    nam cum in Graeco sermone haec... non videbantur, quid censes in Latino fore?

    id. Fin. 3, 4, 15:

    quid igitur censes? Apim illum nonne deum videri Aegyptiis?

    id. N. D. 1, 29, 82:

    quis haec neget esse utilia? quem censes?

    id. Off. 3, 26, 99:

    an censes me tantos labores... suscepturum fuisse, si, etc.,

    id. Sen. 23, 82:

    an vos Hirtium pacem velle censetis?

    id. Phil. 12, 4, 9; so id. Brut. 50, 186; 85, 294; id. Tusc. 1, 5, 10 fin.; 2, 4, 11; 3, 13, 27; id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; id. N. D. 1, 8, 20; 1, 28, 78; 1, 44, 122; id. Leg. 2, 10, 23; id. Div. in Caecil. 16, 54; id. Phil. 1, 6, 13; 4, 3, 7; 7, 4, 14; 11, 1, 3; 11, 5, 10; 12, 3, 7; 12, 6, 13; 12, 8, 21; 12, 9, 22; 13, 2, 4; 14, 4, 10; id. Att. 10, 11, 4:

    quid censes munera terrae?... quo spectanda modo, quo sensu credis et ore?

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 5 sqq.; so id. ib. 2, 2, 65; Lucr. 1, 973 (with obj.inf.).—With conditional period inst. of an inf.-clause:

    num censes faceret, filium nisi sciret eadem haec velle,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 46.—

    Sometimes censemus? is used in the same way as censes?

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; id. Off. 2, 7, 25; id. Fam. 4, 9, 2.—
    e.
    With an inf.clause understood: itane tu censes? Pa. Quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27: quid ergo censes? Tr. Quod rogas, Censeo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 7 sq.: quid illum censes? (i. e. eo loco facere?) Ter. And. 5, 2, 12:

    quid illas censes? (i. e. posse dicere),

    id. Ad. 4, 5, 22; so Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 59; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 9; 5, 3, 21.—So, very freq. in the comic poets, censeo, absol., as an approving answer; also sic censeo, istuc censeo, ita censeo (Cic.) to be variously rendered: ego divinam rem intus faciam... So. Censeo, that will be right! Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 11: auscultemus quid agat: Ph. Sane censeo, so we will, indeed, id. Curc. 2, 2, 29: quid si recenti re aedis pultem? Ad. Censeo, do so! id. Poen. 3, 4, 18: quin eloquamur? Ag. Censeo, hercle, patrue, id. ib. 5, 4, 93: patri etiam gratulabor? Tr. Censeo, I think so (and after answering several questions with censeo): etiamne complectar ejus patrem? Tr. Non censeo. Pl. Nunc non censet quom volo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 6 sqq.; id. Ps. 2, 2, 69; id. Stich. 5, 4, 53; id. Truc. 2, 4, 73; id. Cas. 4, 3, 14; Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 27: male habeas! Mu. Sic censeo, Plaut. Men. 4, 1, 11: aliquem arripiamus, etc.: Ly. Hem, istuc censeo, id. Merc. 3, 3, 19 (cf.:

    prorsus ita censeo, referring to general questions, as in D.,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 23);

    once similarly censeas: Quid gravare? censeas!

    Say yes, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 22.—
    2.
    To resolve, as a merely mental act, with gerundial inf.-clause (rare; cf. II. B.): quibus rebus cognitis, Caesar maturandum sibi censuit, resolved to hasten, lit., thought he must hasten ( = statuit, existimavit), Caes. B. G. 7, 56 init.:

    censuimus igitur amplius quaerendum,

    Gell. 12, 14, 7.—
    3.
    To consider, i. e. after carefully weighing the circumstances, with inf.-clause (rare):

    sed cum censerem... me et periculum vitare posse, et temperatius dicere... ea causa mihi in Asiam proficiscendi fuit,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 314.—
    4.
    = pu tare, habere, judicare, to consider as, to hold, with two acc., or inf.-clause.
    a.
    With double acc.:

    quom dispicias tristem, frugi censeas (i.e. eum),

    you would consider him thrifty, Plaut. Cas. 3, 2. 32:

    auxilio vos dignos censet senatus,

    considers you worthy of help, Liv. 7, 31, 2:

    has... indagines cuppediarum majore detestatione dignas censebimus si, etc.,

    Gell. 7 (6), 16, 6: cum Priscum nobilitas hostem patriae censuisset, judged, declared him the enemy, etc., Aur. Vict. Caes. 29, 4.—
    b.
    In the pass. with nom. and inf., = haberi (in Manil. and Gell.):

    praeter illas unam et viginti (comoedias) quae consensu omnium Plauti esse censebantur,

    Gell. 3, 3, 3:

    quae terrena censentur sidera sorte (i. e. esse),

    are considered as being of the terrestrial kind, Manil. 2, 226; so id. 2, 293; 2, 653; 2, 667; 3, 96; so, sub aliquo censeri, to be considered as being under one ' s influence, id. 4, 246; 4, 705; cf. id. 3, 598 (with per).—
    5.
    To wish, with subj.-clause or ne (in App.):

    de coma pretiosi velleris floccum mihi confestim adferas censeo,

    App. M. 6. [p. 315] p. 117:

    censeo ne ulla cura os percolat,

    id. Mag. p. 411.
    2.
    censeo, ēre, = succenseo, to be angry: ne vobis censeam, si, etc., Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 24.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > censeo

  • 14 quī

        quī quae, quod, gen. cuius (old, quoius), dat. cui (old, quoi), abl. quō, quā (with cum, m. quīcum or quōcum, rarely cum quō; f quācum, rarely quīcum), plur. quibus or quīs (with cum, usu. quibuscum), pron.    [2 CA-].    I. Interrog, who? which? what? what kind of a? (mostly adj.; as subst., qui asks the nature or character, quis the name): Ubi alii? Sa. qui malum alii? T.: Th. Quis fuit igitur? Py. Iste Chaerea. Th. Qui Chaerea? what Chaerea? T.: qui locus est: qui tantus fuit labor?: rogitat, qui vir esset, L.: scire, qui sit rei p. status, what is the state of the country: quae cura boum, qui cultus habendo Sit pecori canere, V.: incerti quae pars sequenda esset, which side to take, L.—As subst: nescimus qui sis: nec qui poterentur, satis discerni poterat, L.: qui ille concessus! what an assembly!    II. Relat. (with a subst. or pron. as antecedent), who, which: habebat ducem, quīcum quidvis rectissime facere posset: ille vir, cui patriae salus dulcior fuit: haec, quae audistis: quod ego fui, id tu hodie es, L.: coloniam, quam Fregellas appellent, L.—The subst. is often attracted to the relat. clause, esp. when a pron dem. follows: quae res neque consilium... Habet, eam regere non potes, T.: ad quas res aptissimi erimus, in iis potissimum elaborabimus: quae augustissima vestis est, eā vestiti, L.: alii, quorum comoedia prisca virorum est, H.: si id te mordet, sumptum filii Quem faciunt, T.: Urbem quam statuo, vestra est, V.—The antecedent is sometimes repeated with the relat.: erant itinera duo, quibus itineribus, etc., Cs.: si quod tempus accidisset, quo tempore requirerent, etc.—The antecedent is often omitted: quicum res tibist, peregrinus est, T.: fecit quod Siculi non audebant: o beati, Quīs ante ora patrum... Contigit, etc., V.—An antecedent in apposition is regularly attracted to the relat. clause: Tolosatium fines, quae civitas est in provincia, Cs.: Amanus, qui mons erat hostium plenus.—So in relat. clauses giving a personal characteristic as a reason: copiam verborum, quae vestra prudentia est, perspexistis, with your usual intelligence: utrum admonitus, an, quā est ipse sagacitate, sine duce ullo, i. e. by his own peculiar instinct.—A verb of which the relat. is subject takes the person of the antecedent: ego enim is sum, qui nihil fecerim: neque enim tu is es qui, qui sis, nescias: vidistis in vincula duci eum, qui a vobis vincula depuleram, L.: Themistocles veni ad te, qui intuli, etc., N.—With ellips. of verb: et, quem ei visum esset (sc. facere), fecisset heredem: ad haec, quae visum est, Caesar respondit, Cs.: hostiaeque maiores, quibus editum est diis, caesae, L.—In comparative clauses with sup: sit pro praetore eo iure quo qui optimo (i. e. quo is est, qui optimo iure est): legioni ita darent, ut quibus militibus amplissime dati essent: provincia, ut quae maxime omnium, belli avida, L.—By attraction, in the case of the antecedent (Greek constr.): nos tamen hoc confirmamus illo augurio, quo diximus: sexcentae eius generis, cuius supra demonstravimus, naves, Cs.: notante Iudice quo nosti populo, H.: natus est patre, quo diximus, N.: cum quibus ante dictum est copiis, L.—In the gender and number of a subst predic.: Belgae, quam tertiam esse Galliae partem dixeramus, Cs.: carcer ille, quae lautumiae vocantur: leges, quae fons est iuris, L.—In the gender and number of an antecedent not expressed: vicinitas, Quod ego in propinquā parte amicitiae puto, T.: laudare fortunas meas, Qui gnatum haberem, T.: quod monstrum vidimus, qui cum reo transigat?: servitia repudiabat, cuius magnae copiae, etc., S.—One relat. in place of two in different cases: quem neque pudet Quicquam, nec metuit quemquam (i. e. et qui non), T.: omnia quae amisi aut advorsa facta sunt, S.: qui iam fatetur... et non timeo (sc. quem): tyrannus, quem pertulit civitas paretque mortuo.—Implying a restriction, who indeed, as far as, all that: omnium eloquentissimi, quos ego audierim: antiquissimi sunt, quorum quidem scripta constent: Catonem vero quis nostrorum oratorum, qui quidem nunc sunt, legit?— Sing n., what, as far as, as much as, to the extent that: quod potero, adiutabo, T.: cura, quod potes, ut valeas: quod ad me attinet, as far as depends on me: quod ad Pomponiam, scribas velim, etc. (sc. attinet), as respects Pomponia.—Implying a purpose: equitatum praemisit, qui viderent, to see, Cs.: qui eripiunt aliis, quod aliis largiantur, in order to bestow it: sibi urbem delegerat, quam haberet adiutricem: milites conduci, qui in Hispaniam traicerentur, L.—Implying a reason: Miseret tui me, qui hominem facias inimicum tibi, I am sorry for you, that you incur, etc., T.: Tarquinio quid impudentius, qui bellum gereret, etc.: at Cotta, qui cogitasset haec posse accidere... nullā in re deerat, Cs.: barbari dissipati, quibus nec certa imperia... essent, vertunt, etc., L.: Heu me miserum, qui spectavi, etc., T.—Implying a concession: rogitas? qui tam audacis facinoris mihi conscius sis? although you are, T.: hi exercitu luxuriem obiciebant, cui omnia defuissent, Cs.: quis est, qui Fabricii, Curii non memoriam usurpet, quos numquam viderit?: Rogitas? qui adduxti, etc., T.— Implying a result (qui consecutive): sapientia est una, quae maestitiam pellat ex animis, alone has power to drive: secutae sunt tempestates, quae nostros in castris continerent, Cs.: leniore sono uti, et qui illum impetum oratoris non habeat: haud parva res, sed quae patriciis potestatem auferret, L.—Esp., after a demonstr. pron., adj. or adv.: non sum ego is consul, qui arbitrer, etc., such a consul, as to suppose: neque tu is es, qui nescias, etc., no such man, as to be ignorant, etc.: nomen legati eius modi esse debet, quod inter hostium tela incolume versetur.—With quam, after a comp: non longius hostes aberant, quam quo telum adici posset (i. e. quam ut eo), Cs.: maiores arbores caedebant, quam quas ferre miles posset, L.—After an adj. of fitness: (Rufum) idoneum iudicaverat, quem mitteret, a fit person to send, Cs.: nulla videbatur aptior persona, quae loqueretur.—After a verb with indef subj. or obj. (described by the relat. clause): sunt qui mirentur, there are some, who, etc.: erunt qui audaciam eius reprehendant: si quis est, qui putet: ut invenirentur qui proficiscerentur: qui se ultro mo<*>ti offerant, facilius reperiuntur, quam qui dolorem patienter ferant, Cs.: haec habui, de amicitiā quae dicerem, had this to say: te unum habeo, quem dignum regno iudicem, L.: Nemost, quem ego magis cuperem videre, T.: nullum est animal, quod habeat, etc.—Where the relat. clause is conceived as a particular fact, it may take the indic: sunt bestiae quaedam, in quibus inest, etc. (i. e. in quibusdam bestiis inest, etc.): sunt, qui eorum sectam sequuntur, i. e. they have followers: Sunt quos... iuvat, H.: Sunt, qui non habeant, est qui non curat habere, some (in gen.)... one (in particular), H.—In place of a pron demonstr. and conj: res loquitur ipsa, quae semper valet plurimum, and it, etc.: ratio docet esse deos; quo concesso, confitendum est, etc., and if this is granted: centuriones hostīs vocare coeperunt; quorum progredi ausus est nemo, but no one of them, Cs.: perutiles libri sunt; quos legite, quaeso, therefore read them.    III. Indef, whoever, any one who, all that, anything that: qui est homo tolerabilis, Scortari nolunt, T.: quae res... post eum quae essent, tuta reddebat, all that was in his rear, Cs.: facilius quod stulte dixeris reprehendere... possunt: virgis caesi, qui ad nomina non respondissent, L.— Any one, any ; with si, num, ne ; see 2 quis.
    * * *
    I
    how?; how so; in what way; by what/which means; whereby; at whatever price
    II
    qua (quae), quod (qua/-quae P N) PRON ADJECT
    any; anyone/anything, any such; unspecified some; (after si/sin/sive/ne)
    III
    quae, quod (quae P N) PRON REL
    who; that; which, what; of which kind/drgree; person/thing/time/point that
    IV
    quae, quod (quae P N) PRON INTERR
    who/what/which?, what/which one/man/person/thing? what kind/type of?

    Latin-English dictionary > quī

  • 15 aecus

    aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].
    I.
    A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;

    syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,

    level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:

    aequus et planus locus,

    Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:

    in aequum locum se demittere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:

    in aequum locum deducere,

    Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:

    sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,

    i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:

    meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,

    from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:

    facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,

    Liv. 5, 38:

    ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,

    Tac. Agr. 35:

    in aequum digredi,

    id. ib. 18:

    in aequo obstare,

    id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:

    dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,

    up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,
    B.
    Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).
    1.
    Of place:

    locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 73:

    etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,

    Nep. Milt. 5, 4:

    non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,

    Tac. A. 1, 68. —
    2.
    Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:

    et tempore et loco aequo,

    Liv. 26, 3:

    tempore aequo,

    Suet. Caes. 35.—
    3.
    In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).
    (α).
    Absol.:

    consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,

    Cic. Or. 10, 34:

    nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:

    meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,

    id. Fam. 7, 33:

    oculis aspicere aequis,

    Verg. A. 4, 372:

    O dominum aequum et bonum,

    Suet. Aug. 53:

    boni et aequi et faciles domini,

    id. Tib. 29.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—
    (γ).
    With in and acc.:

    quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,

    Cic. Quint. 14.—
    (δ).
    With in and abl.:

    victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,

    Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,
    4.
    aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:

    ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,

    both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:

    aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,

    Liv. 5, 45.
    II.
    That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:

    aequo censu censeri,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:

    partīs,

    Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:

    aequa erit mensura sagorum,

    ib. Exod. 26, 8:

    pondera,

    ib. Lev. 19, 36:

    portio,

    ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:

    aequa dementia,

    Lucr. 1, 705 al.:

    aequā manu discedere,

    to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,

    aequo Marte pugnare,

    with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:

    urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,

    Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:

    aequum vulnus utrique tulit,

    id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:

    aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,

    Verg. A. 2, 724:

    pars aequa mundi,

    Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:

    utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:

    non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,

    Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,
    1.
    Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:

    dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,

    Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:

    adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,

    Tac. G. 36 fin.
    2.
    In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:

    qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,

    Sen. Phoen. 98:

    ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,

    id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:

    in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,

    Liv. 39, 50 fin.
    B.
    Morally.
    1.
    Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:

    praetor aequus et sapiens,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:

    aequissimus aestimator et judex,

    id. Fin. 3, 2:

    praebere se aequum alicui,

    id. Fam. 2, 1:

    absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,

    benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—
    2.
    Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):

    aequa et honesta postulatio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:

    quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,

    just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:

    postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Clu. 2:

    aequa lex et omnibus utilis,

    id. Balb. 27:

    aequissimis legibus monere,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:

    aequae conditiones,

    Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,
    3.
    ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

    utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:

    aequi studium,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:

    lamentari amplius aequo,

    Lucr. 3, 966:

    injurias gravius aequo habere,

    to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:

    potus largius aequo,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):

    quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:

    significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,

    Lucr. 5, 1023:

    non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,

    Vulg. Act. 6, 2:

    aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,

    Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:

    ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,

    sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:

    plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,

    would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—
    4.
    Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:

    neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,

    what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:

    cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,

    Cic. Brut. 38:

    ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,

    id. Caecin. 23:

    fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,

    in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:

    illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,

    Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—
    C.
    Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);

    esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:

    concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:

    quodadest memento Componere aequus,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:

    tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,

    id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;

    and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,

    id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:

    carere aequo animo aliquā re,

    id. Brut. 6:

    ferre aliquid,

    Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:

    accipere,

    Sall. C. 3, 2:

    tolerare,

    id. J. 31:

    quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,

    Suet. Tib. 25:

    testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,

    id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:

    aequo animo esto,

    be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:

    aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,

    ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:

    istuc aequi bonique facio,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:

    aequi istuc faciam,

    it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:

    aequi bonique dicere,

    to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):

    eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,

    Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:

    non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,

    id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:

    universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,

    Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.
    1.
    In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.
    (α).
    Aeque—cum:

    animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—
    (β).
    Aeque with comp. abl.:

    nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,

    as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:

    qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,

    id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—
    (γ).
    Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;

    Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

    equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:

    quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—
    (δ).
    Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:

    nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,

    Cic. Lael. 6, 22:

    sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,

    id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:

    Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—
    (ε).
    Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;

    neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),

    as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;

    nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,

    id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:

    nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,

    Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;

    in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,

    Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—
    (ζ).
    Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:

    idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,

    Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—
    (η).
    Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:

    aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,

    Tac. Agr. 15.—
    2.
    The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):

    satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:

    aeque sons,

    Liv. 29, 19, 2;

    so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,

    it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—
    3.
    With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:

    non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:

    etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),

    id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:

    aeque ambo pares,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:

    duae trabes aeque longae,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —
    4.
    Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:

    Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—
    5.
    In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—
    B.
    Justly, with equity:

    mihi id aeque factum arbitror,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:

    aequissime jus dicere,

    Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:

    judicas ut qui aequissime,

    Sid. 15, Ep. 11.
    An old adverb.
    form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aecus

  • 16 aequum

    aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].
    I.
    A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;

    syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,

    level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:

    aequus et planus locus,

    Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:

    in aequum locum se demittere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:

    in aequum locum deducere,

    Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:

    sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,

    i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:

    meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,

    from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:

    facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,

    Liv. 5, 38:

    ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,

    Tac. Agr. 35:

    in aequum digredi,

    id. ib. 18:

    in aequo obstare,

    id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:

    dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,

    up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,
    B.
    Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).
    1.
    Of place:

    locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 73:

    etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,

    Nep. Milt. 5, 4:

    non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,

    Tac. A. 1, 68. —
    2.
    Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:

    et tempore et loco aequo,

    Liv. 26, 3:

    tempore aequo,

    Suet. Caes. 35.—
    3.
    In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).
    (α).
    Absol.:

    consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,

    Cic. Or. 10, 34:

    nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:

    meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,

    id. Fam. 7, 33:

    oculis aspicere aequis,

    Verg. A. 4, 372:

    O dominum aequum et bonum,

    Suet. Aug. 53:

    boni et aequi et faciles domini,

    id. Tib. 29.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—
    (γ).
    With in and acc.:

    quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,

    Cic. Quint. 14.—
    (δ).
    With in and abl.:

    victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,

    Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,
    4.
    aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:

    ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,

    both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:

    aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,

    Liv. 5, 45.
    II.
    That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:

    aequo censu censeri,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:

    partīs,

    Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:

    aequa erit mensura sagorum,

    ib. Exod. 26, 8:

    pondera,

    ib. Lev. 19, 36:

    portio,

    ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:

    aequa dementia,

    Lucr. 1, 705 al.:

    aequā manu discedere,

    to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,

    aequo Marte pugnare,

    with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:

    urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,

    Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:

    aequum vulnus utrique tulit,

    id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:

    aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,

    Verg. A. 2, 724:

    pars aequa mundi,

    Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:

    utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:

    non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,

    Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,
    1.
    Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:

    dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,

    Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:

    adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,

    Tac. G. 36 fin.
    2.
    In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:

    qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,

    Sen. Phoen. 98:

    ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,

    id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:

    in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,

    Liv. 39, 50 fin.
    B.
    Morally.
    1.
    Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:

    praetor aequus et sapiens,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:

    aequissimus aestimator et judex,

    id. Fin. 3, 2:

    praebere se aequum alicui,

    id. Fam. 2, 1:

    absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,

    benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—
    2.
    Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):

    aequa et honesta postulatio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:

    quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,

    just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:

    postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Clu. 2:

    aequa lex et omnibus utilis,

    id. Balb. 27:

    aequissimis legibus monere,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:

    aequae conditiones,

    Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,
    3.
    ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

    utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:

    aequi studium,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:

    lamentari amplius aequo,

    Lucr. 3, 966:

    injurias gravius aequo habere,

    to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:

    potus largius aequo,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):

    quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:

    significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,

    Lucr. 5, 1023:

    non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,

    Vulg. Act. 6, 2:

    aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,

    Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:

    ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,

    sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:

    plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,

    would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—
    4.
    Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:

    neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,

    what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:

    cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,

    Cic. Brut. 38:

    ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,

    id. Caecin. 23:

    fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,

    in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:

    illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,

    Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—
    C.
    Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);

    esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:

    concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:

    quodadest memento Componere aequus,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:

    tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,

    id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;

    and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,

    id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:

    carere aequo animo aliquā re,

    id. Brut. 6:

    ferre aliquid,

    Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:

    accipere,

    Sall. C. 3, 2:

    tolerare,

    id. J. 31:

    quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,

    Suet. Tib. 25:

    testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,

    id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:

    aequo animo esto,

    be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:

    aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,

    ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:

    istuc aequi bonique facio,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:

    aequi istuc faciam,

    it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:

    aequi bonique dicere,

    to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):

    eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,

    Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:

    non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,

    id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:

    universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,

    Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.
    1.
    In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.
    (α).
    Aeque—cum:

    animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—
    (β).
    Aeque with comp. abl.:

    nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,

    as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:

    qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,

    id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—
    (γ).
    Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;

    Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

    equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:

    quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—
    (δ).
    Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:

    nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,

    Cic. Lael. 6, 22:

    sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,

    id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:

    Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—
    (ε).
    Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;

    neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),

    as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;

    nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,

    id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:

    nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,

    Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;

    in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,

    Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—
    (ζ).
    Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:

    idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,

    Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—
    (η).
    Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:

    aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,

    Tac. Agr. 15.—
    2.
    The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):

    satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:

    aeque sons,

    Liv. 29, 19, 2;

    so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,

    it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—
    3.
    With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:

    non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:

    etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),

    id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:

    aeque ambo pares,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:

    duae trabes aeque longae,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —
    4.
    Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:

    Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—
    5.
    In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—
    B.
    Justly, with equity:

    mihi id aeque factum arbitror,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:

    aequissime jus dicere,

    Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:

    judicas ut qui aequissime,

    Sid. 15, Ep. 11.
    An old adverb.
    form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aequum

  • 17 aequus

    aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].
    I.
    A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;

    syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,

    level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:

    aequus et planus locus,

    Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:

    in aequum locum se demittere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:

    in aequum locum deducere,

    Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:

    sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,

    i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:

    meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,

    from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:

    facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,

    Liv. 5, 38:

    ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,

    Tac. Agr. 35:

    in aequum digredi,

    id. ib. 18:

    in aequo obstare,

    id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:

    dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,

    up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,
    B.
    Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).
    1.
    Of place:

    locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 73:

    etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,

    Nep. Milt. 5, 4:

    non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,

    Tac. A. 1, 68. —
    2.
    Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:

    et tempore et loco aequo,

    Liv. 26, 3:

    tempore aequo,

    Suet. Caes. 35.—
    3.
    In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).
    (α).
    Absol.:

    consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,

    Cic. Or. 10, 34:

    nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:

    meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,

    id. Fam. 7, 33:

    oculis aspicere aequis,

    Verg. A. 4, 372:

    O dominum aequum et bonum,

    Suet. Aug. 53:

    boni et aequi et faciles domini,

    id. Tib. 29.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—
    (γ).
    With in and acc.:

    quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,

    Cic. Quint. 14.—
    (δ).
    With in and abl.:

    victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,

    Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,
    4.
    aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:

    ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,

    both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:

    aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,

    Liv. 5, 45.
    II.
    That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:

    aequo censu censeri,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:

    partīs,

    Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:

    aequa erit mensura sagorum,

    ib. Exod. 26, 8:

    pondera,

    ib. Lev. 19, 36:

    portio,

    ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:

    aequa dementia,

    Lucr. 1, 705 al.:

    aequā manu discedere,

    to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,

    aequo Marte pugnare,

    with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:

    urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,

    Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:

    aequum vulnus utrique tulit,

    id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:

    aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,

    Verg. A. 2, 724:

    pars aequa mundi,

    Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:

    utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:

    non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,

    Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,
    1.
    Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:

    dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,

    Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:

    adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,

    Tac. G. 36 fin.
    2.
    In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:

    qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,

    Sen. Phoen. 98:

    ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,

    id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:

    in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,

    Liv. 39, 50 fin.
    B.
    Morally.
    1.
    Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:

    praetor aequus et sapiens,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:

    aequissimus aestimator et judex,

    id. Fin. 3, 2:

    praebere se aequum alicui,

    id. Fam. 2, 1:

    absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,

    benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—
    2.
    Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):

    aequa et honesta postulatio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:

    quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,

    just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:

    postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Clu. 2:

    aequa lex et omnibus utilis,

    id. Balb. 27:

    aequissimis legibus monere,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:

    aequae conditiones,

    Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,
    3.
    ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

    utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:

    aequi studium,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:

    lamentari amplius aequo,

    Lucr. 3, 966:

    injurias gravius aequo habere,

    to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:

    potus largius aequo,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):

    quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:

    significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,

    Lucr. 5, 1023:

    non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,

    Vulg. Act. 6, 2:

    aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,

    Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:

    ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,

    sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:

    plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,

    would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—
    4.
    Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:

    neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,

    what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:

    cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,

    Cic. Brut. 38:

    ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,

    id. Caecin. 23:

    fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,

    in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:

    illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,

    Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—
    C.
    Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);

    esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:

    concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:

    quodadest memento Componere aequus,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:

    tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,

    id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;

    and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,

    id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:

    carere aequo animo aliquā re,

    id. Brut. 6:

    ferre aliquid,

    Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:

    accipere,

    Sall. C. 3, 2:

    tolerare,

    id. J. 31:

    quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,

    Suet. Tib. 25:

    testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,

    id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:

    aequo animo esto,

    be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:

    aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,

    ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:

    istuc aequi bonique facio,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:

    aequi istuc faciam,

    it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:

    aequi bonique dicere,

    to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):

    eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,

    Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:

    non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,

    id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:

    universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,

    Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.
    1.
    In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.
    (α).
    Aeque—cum:

    animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—
    (β).
    Aeque with comp. abl.:

    nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,

    as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:

    qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,

    id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—
    (γ).
    Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;

    Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

    equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:

    quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—
    (δ).
    Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:

    nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,

    Cic. Lael. 6, 22:

    sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,

    id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:

    Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—
    (ε).
    Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;

    neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),

    as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;

    nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,

    id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:

    nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,

    Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;

    in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,

    Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—
    (ζ).
    Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:

    idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,

    Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—
    (η).
    Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:

    aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,

    Tac. Agr. 15.—
    2.
    The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):

    satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:

    aeque sons,

    Liv. 29, 19, 2;

    so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,

    it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—
    3.
    With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:

    non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:

    etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),

    id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:

    aeque ambo pares,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:

    duae trabes aeque longae,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —
    4.
    Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:

    Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—
    5.
    In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—
    B.
    Justly, with equity:

    mihi id aeque factum arbitror,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:

    aequissime jus dicere,

    Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:

    judicas ut qui aequissime,

    Sid. 15, Ep. 11.
    An old adverb.
    form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aequus

  • 18 pro

    1.
    prō (archaic collat. form, posi in posimerium; cf. pono, from posino; cf. Gr. poti and pot with pros), adv. and prep. [root in Sanscr. prep. pra-, before, as in prathamas, first; Gr. pro; cf.: proteros, prôtos, etc.; Lat.: prae, prior, priscus, etc.; perh. old abl. form, of which prae is the loc. ], before, in front of; and, transf., for, with the idea of protection, substitution, or proportion.
    I.
    Adv., found only in the transf. comp. signif. (v. infra, II. B. 3.) in connection with quam and ut: pro quam and pro ut (the latter usually written in one word, prout), like prae quam and prae ut.
    * A.
    Pro quam, in proportion as, just as:

    nec satis est, pro quam largos exaestuat aestus,

    Lucr. 2, 1137. —
    B.
    Pro ut or prout, according as, in proportion, accordingly, proportionably as, just as, as (class.):

    compararat argenti bene facti, prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant, satis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

    tuas litteras, prout res postulat, exspecto,

    id. Att. 11, 6 fin.:

    id, prout cujusque ingenium erat, interpretabantur,

    Liv. 38, 50:

    prout locus iniquus aequusve his aut illis, prout animus pugnantium est, prout numerus, varia pugnae fortuna est,

    id. 38, 40 fin. —With a corresp. ita:

    ejusque rationem ita haberi, prout haberi lege liceret,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:

    prout sedes ipsa est, ita varia genera morborum sunt,

    Cels. 4, 4, 5:

    prout nives satiaverint, ita Nilum increscere,

    Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 51.—
    II.
    Prep. with abl. (late Lat. with acc.:

    PRO SALVTEM SVAM,

    Inscr. Grut. 4, 12; 46, 9; Inscr. Orell. 2360), before, in front of.
    A.
    Lit., of place:

    sedens pro aede Castoris,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 27:

    praesidia, quae pro templis cernitis,

    id. Mil. 1, 2:

    ii qui pro portis castrorum in statione erant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 32:

    pro castris copias habere,

    id. ib. 7, 66:

    pro castris dimicare,

    id. ib. 5, 16:

    pro oppido,

    id. ib. 7, 71:

    pro opere consistere,

    Sall. J. 92, 9:

    castra pro moenibus locata,

    Liv. 2, 53; 4, 17:

    pro muro,

    id. 30, 10:

    pro castris explicare aciem,

    id. 6, 23:

    pro vallo,

    Plin. 2, 37, 37, § 101; Vell. 2, 19, 1.—With verbs of motion:

    Caesar pro castris suas copias produxit,

    before the camp, Caes. B. G. 1, 48:

    hasce tabulas hic ibidem pro pedibus tuis obicito,

    before your feet, App. Mag. p. 337, 36; id. M. 4, p. 155, 2.—
    2.
    In partic., with the accessory idea of presence on the front part, on the edge or brink of a place, on or in the front of, often to be translated by a simple on or in:

    pro censu classis iuniorum, Serv. Tullius cum dixit, accipi debet in censu, ut ait M. Varro, sicuti pro aede Castoris, pro tribunali, pro testimonio,

    Fest. p. 246 Müll.; cf.: pro significat in, ut pro rostris, pro aede, pro tribunali, Paul. ex Fest. p. 228 Müll.; and:

    pro sententia ac si dicatur in sententiā, ut pro rostris id est in rostris,

    id. p. 226 Müll.: hac re pro suggestu pronunciata, qs. standing on the front part of the tribune, or, as we would say, on the tribune, Caes. B. G. 6, 3: pro tribunali cum aliquid ageretur, was transacted before or at my tribunal, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 21; so,

    pro tribunali,

    id. Pis. 5, 11; id. Sest. 15, 34: pro contione, before the assembled army; and, in gen., before the assembly:

    laudatus pro contione Jugurtha,

    Sall. J. 8, 2; cf. Curt. 9, 1, 1:

    pro contione laudibus legati militumque tollere animos,

    Liv. 7, 7:

    fortes viros pro contione donantis,

    Curt. 10, 5, 10:

    pro contione litteras recitare,

    id. 4, 10, 16; Liv. 38, 23 fin.:

    pro contione palam utrumque temptavit,

    Suet. Vesp. 7; Tac. A. 3, 9; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 3: [p. 1448] 4, 5, 11; cf.:

    pro comitio,

    Suet. Aug. 43:

    uti pro consilio imperatum erat,

    in the council, Sall. J. 29, 6; cf.:

    supplicatio in triduum pro collegio decemvirūm imperata fuit,

    Liv. 38, 36:

    pontifices pro collegio decrevisse,

    Gell. 11, 3, 2:

    pro collegio pronuntiare,

    Liv. 4, 26, 9:

    suas simultates pro magistratu exercere,

    id. 39, 5:

    pro munimentis castelli manipulos explicat,

    before, on the fortifications, Tac. A. 2, 80; 12, 33: stabat pro litore diversa acies, in front of or upon the shore, id. ib. 14, 30:

    legionem pro ripā componere,

    id. ib. 12, 29:

    velamenta et infulas pro muris ostentant,

    in front of, from the walls, Tac. H. 3, 31; so,

    pro muris,

    id. A. 2, 81:

    ad hoc mulieres puerique pro tectis aedificiorum saxa et alia, quae locus praebebat, certatim mittere,

    standing on the edge of the roofs, from the roofs, Sall. J. 67, 1 Kritz.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To signify a standing before or in front of, for defence or protection; hence an acting for, in behalf of, in favor of, for the benefit of, on the side of (opp. contra, adversum):

    veri inveniendi causā contra omnia dici oportere et pro omnibus,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 60; cf.:

    hoc non modo non pro me, sed contra me est potius,

    id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:

    partim nihil contra Habitum valere, partim etiam pro hoc esse,

    id. Clu. 32, 88:

    difficillimum videtur quod dixi, pro ipsis esse quibus eveniunt ista, quae horremus ac tremimus,

    Sen. Prov. 3, 2:

    haec cum contra legem proque lege dicta essent,

    Liv. 34, 8: pro Romano populo armis certare, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 215 Vahl.); cf.: pro vostrā vitā morti occumbant, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 62 (Trag. v. 176 Vahl.): quae ego pro re publica fecissem, Cato ap. Front. p. 149:

    nihil ab eo praetermissum est, quod aut pro re publicā conquerendum fuit, aut pro eā disputandum,

    Cic. Sest. 2, 3:

    omnia me semper pro amicorum periculis, nihil umquam pro me ipso deprecatum,

    id. de Or. 2, 49, 201:

    convenit dimicare pro legibus, pro libertate, pro patriā,

    id. Tusc. 4, 19, 43:

    dulce et decorum est pro patriā mori,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 2:

    pro sollicitis non tacitus reis,

    id. ib. 4, 1, 14:

    spondere levi pro paupere,

    id. A. P. 423:

    urbes, quae viris aut loco pro hostibus et advorsum se opportunissumae erant,

    Sall. J. 88, 4:

    nec aliud adversus validissimas gentes pro nobis utilius, quam, etc.,

    Tac. Agr. 12:

    et locus pro vobis et nox erit, Liv 9, 24, 8: et loca sua et genus pugnae pro hoste fuere,

    id. 39, 30, 3:

    pro Corbulone aetas, patrius mos... erant: contra, etc.,

    Tac. A. 3, 31; id. H. 4, 78; Curt. 4, 14, 16.—
    2.
    With the notion of replacement or substitution, in the place of, instead of, for.
    a.
    In gen.: numquam ego argentum pro vino congiario... disdidi, Cato ap. Front. p. 149:

    ego ibo pro te, si tibi non libet,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 10:

    ego pro te molam,

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 29; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13:

    mutata (ea dico), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud... ut cum minutum dicimus animum pro parvo, etc.,

    id. Or. 27, 92 sq.; cf.:

    libenter etiam copulando verba jungebant, ut sodes pro si audes, sis pro si vis... ain' pro aisne, nequire pro non quire, malle pro magis velle, nolle pro non velle. Dein etiam saepe et exin pro deinde et exinde dicimus,

    id. ib. 45, 154:

    pro vitulā statuis dulcem Aulide natam, Hor S. 2, 3, 199: pro bene sano Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 61; cf. Suet. Caes. 70:

    pro ope ferendā sociis pergit ipse ire, etc.,

    Liv. 23, 28, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.; Zumpt, Gram. § 667; cf.:

    pro eo, ut ipsi ex alieno agro raperent, suas terras, etc.,

    Liv. 22, 1, 2.—
    b.
    Esp. freq. in connection with the title of any officer, to denote his substitute' pro consule, pro praetore, pro quaestore, pro magistro, etc. (afterwards joined into one word, as proconsul, propraetor, proquaestor, promagister, etc.), proconsul, proprœtor, proquœstor, vice-director:

    cum pro consule in Ciliciam proficiscens Athenas venissem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 82; cf.:

    cum L. Philippus pro consulibus eum se mittere dixit, non pro consule,

    instead of the consuls, not as proconsul, id. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    nec pro praetore, Caesarem (vocat),

    id. ib. 13, 10, 22; Liv. 35, 1. cum Alexandriae pro quaestore essem, Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 11' cf.:

    litteris Q. Caepionis Bruti pro consule... Q. Hortensii pro consule opera, etc.,

    id. Phil. 10, 11, 26: P. Terentius operas in portu et scripturā Asiae pro magistro dedit, id. Att. 11, 10, 1; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169; id. Fam. 13, 65, 1; see also the words proconsul, promagister, propraetor, proquaestor, etc.—
    c.
    So of price, penalty, etc., in exchange, in return for:

    tres minas pro istis duobus dedi,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 138; id. Aul. 3, 3, 8:

    pro hujus peccatis ego supplicium sufferam,

    Ter. And. 5, 3, 17:

    dimidium ejus quod pactus esset, pro carmine daturum,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 351:

    pro vitā hominis nisi hominis vita reddatur, non posse deorum inmortalium numen placari,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 16:

    id pro immolatis in foro Tarquiniensium Romanis poenae hostibus redditum,

    Liv. 7, 19, 3:

    vos, pro paternis sceleribus, poenas date,

    Sen. Med. 925; Lact. 2, 7, 21:

    pro crimine poenas,

    Ov. Ib. 621.—
    3.
    Pro is also frequently used to denote the viewing, judging, considering, representing of a thing as something, for, the same as, just as, as:

    pro sano loqueris, quom me appellas nomine,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 24:

    sese ducit pro adulescentulo,

    id. Stich. 3, 1, 65; id. Cist. 1, 3, 24:

    hunc Eduxi a parvulo, habui, amavi pro meo,

    as my own, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 23:

    Cato ille noster qui mihi unus est pro centum milibus,

    whose voice I regard as equal to that of thousands, Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1:

    Siciliam nobis non pro penariā cellā, sed pro aerario fuisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 5:

    P. Sestio pro occiso relictus est,

    id. Sest. 38, 81; Caes. B. G. 3, 109:

    cum pro damnato mortuoque esset,

    as good as condemned and dead, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33:

    summa ratio, quae sapientibus pro necessitate est,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 3:

    negotia pro solatiis accipiens,

    Tac. A. 4, 13:

    consuli pro hostibus esse,

    Liv. 43, 5, 4:

    adeo incredibilis visa res, ut non pro vano modo, sed vix pro sano nuncius audiretur,

    as a boaster, Liv. 39, 49: quoniam de adventu Caesaris pro certo habebamus, to consider as certain, Mat. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 15, 6 et saep.; v. certus.—
    4.
    Esp. in certain phrases: pro eo, for the same thing, as just the same:

    ut si a Caesare, quod speramus, impetrarimus, tuo beneficio nos id consecutos esse judicemus: sin minus, pro eo tantum id habeamus, cum a te data sit opera, ut impetraremus,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 7, 5.—With the particles of comparison: atque ( ac), ac si, quasi, just the same as, even as, as though: pro eo ac debui, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 1:

    pro eo ac si concessum sit,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 32, 54:

    pro eo est atque si adhibitus non esset,

    Dig. 28, 1, 22:

    pro eo erit quasi ne legatum quidem sit,

    ib. 30, 1, 38: pro eo quod, for the reason that, because:

    pro eo quod ejus nomen erat magnā apud omnes gloriā,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 75: pro eo quod pluribus verbis vos quam volui fatigavi, veniam a vobis petitam velim, Liv 38, 49 fin.
    5.
    On account of, for the sake of:

    dolor pro patriā,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24:

    tumultus pro recuperandā re publicā,

    id. Brut. 90, 311 dub. (B. and K. omit pro):

    dedit pro corpore nummos, i. e. to rescue his person,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 43:

    aliquem amare pro ejus eximiā suavitate,

    Cic. de Or 1, 55, 234:

    pro quibus meritis quanto opere dilectus sit,

    Suet. Aug. 57:

    cum pro incolumitate principis vota susceperunt,

    Tac. A. 4, 17:

    pro bono (= bene),

    Sall. J. 22, 4.—
    6.
    Pro is used in its most general sense in stating the relation between two objects or actions, in proportion, in comparison with, according to or as, conformably to, by virtue of, for, etc.:

    meus pater nunc pro hujus verbis recte et sapienter facit,

    according to his story, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133:

    tu pro oratione nec vir nec mulier mihi's,

    id. Rud. 4, 4, 71: pro viribus tacere ac fabulari, according to one's ability, Enn. ap. Non. 475, 4 (Trag. v. 181 Vahl.):

    facere certum'st pro copiā ac sapientiā,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 8:

    agere pro viribus,

    Cic. Sen. 9, 27:

    aliquem pro dignitate laudare,

    id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33:

    proelium atrocius quam pro numero pugnantium fuit,

    Liv. 21, 29: pro imperio, by virtue of his office or authority:

    quia pro imperio palam interfici non poterat,

    Liv. 1, 51, 2; hence, imperatively, dictatorially, summarily:

    nec illum ipsum submovere pro imperio posse more majorum,

    id. 2, 56, 12 ' hem! satis pro imperio, quisquis es, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 18:

    pro tuā prudentiā,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2; 11, 12, 2:

    cum in eam rationem pro suo quisque sensu ac dolore loqueretur,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69:

    quibus aliquid opis fortasse ego pro meā, tu pro tuā, pro suā quisque parte ferre potuisset,

    id. Fam. 15, 15, 3: pro virili parte, according to one's ability, id. Sest. 66, 138; Liv. praef. 2; Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 23. —Esp. freq.: pro ratā parte and pro ratā, in proportion, proportionably; v. ratus:

    pro se quisque,

    each according to his ability, each one for himself, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58; Caes. B. G. 2, 25; Verg. A. 12, 552 et saep.:

    pro tempore et pro re,

    according to time and circumstances, Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

    pro facultatibus,

    Nep. Epam. 3, 5.—Pro eo, quantum, or ut, in proportion to, as, according to, according as:

    eāque pro eo, quantum in quoque sit ponderis, esse aestimanda,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 21, 58:

    equidem pro eo, quanti te facio, quicquid feceris, approbabo,

    id. Fam. 3, 3, 2: tamen pro eo ut temporis difficultas tulit, etc., L. Metell. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 126.
    In composition the o is long in some words, in others short (through the influence of the Gr.
    pro-): prōdeo, prŏfiteor; and even in words borrowed from the Greek, as prōlogus.—Its signification has reference either to place, before, forwards; or to protection, for; procedo, procurro, profanus; procuro, propugno, prosum, protego.
    2.
    prō (less correctly prōh), interj., an exclamation of wonder or lamentation, O! Ah! Alas! (class.).
    (α).
    With nom.:

    proh! bonae frugi hominem te jam pridem esse arbitror,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4: pro Juppiter! Enn. ap. Varr L. L. 7, § 12 Müll. (Trag. v 225 Vahl.); Ter. And. 4, 3, 17; id. Eun. 3, 5, 2; id. Ad. 1, 2, 31; cf.:

    pro supreme Juppiter,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 42:

    pro Juppiter, Hominis stultitiam!

    id. ib. 3, 3, 12:

    pro di immortales,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 1; cf.: pro, dii immortales: Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:

    pro curia inversique mores!

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 7:

    pro scelus,

    Mart. 2, 46, 8.—
    (β).
    Parenthet.:

    pro, quanta potentia regni Est, Venus alma, tui,

    Ov. M. 13, 758:

    et mea, pro! nullo pondere verba cadunt,

    id. H. 3, 98:

    tantum, pro! degeneramus a patribus,

    Liv. 22, 14, 6; Curt. 4, 16, 10.—
    (γ).
    With acc.: pro divom fidem! Enn. ap. Don. ad. Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. v. 30 Vahl.); Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 28; cf.:

    pro deum atque hominum fidem!

    id. And. 1, 5, 2; 11; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 9; Cic. Tusc. 5, 16, 48;

    instead of which, ellipt.: pro deum immortalium!

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 4:

    pro deum atque hominum,

    id. Hec. 2, 1, 1:

    pro fidem deum! facinus foedum,

    id. Eun. 5, 4, 21.—
    (δ).
    With gen.: pro malae tractationis! Tert. Poen. fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pro

  • 19 acta fori

    ăgo, egi, actum, 3, v. a. (axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. axitiosi, p. 3 Mull.;

    axit = egerit,

    Paul. Diac. 3, 3;

    AGIER = agi,

    Cic. Off. 3, 15;

    agentum = agentium,

    Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6) [cf. agô; Sanscr. ag, aghami = to go, to drive; agmas = way, train = ogmos; agis = race, contest = agôn; perh. also Germ. jagen, to drive, to hunt], to put in motion, to move (syn.: agitare, pellere, urgere).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of cattle and other animals, to lead, drive.
    a.
    Absol.: agas asellum, Seip. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 258:

    jumenta agebat,

    Liv. 1, 48:

    capellas ago,

    Verg. E. 1, 13:

    Pars quia non veniant pecudes, sed agantur, ab actu etc.,

    Ov. F. 1, 323:

    caballum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 36.—
    b.
    With acc. of place, prep., sup., or inf.:

    agere bovem Romam,

    Curt. 1, 45:

    equum in hostem,

    id. 7, 4:

    Germani in amnem aguntur,

    Tac. H. 5, 21:

    acto ad vallum equo,

    id. A. 2, 13:

    pecora per calles,

    Curt. 7, 11:

    per devia rura capellas,

    Ov. M. 1, 676:

    pecus pastum,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 41, p. 88 Mull.:

    capellas potum age,

    Verg. E. 9, 23:

    pecus egit altos Visere montes,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 7.—
    B.
    Of men, to drive, lead, conduct, impel.
    a.
    Absol.:

    agmen agens equitum,

    Verg. A. 7, 804.—
    b.
    With prep., abl., or inf.:

    vinctum ante se Thyum agebat,

    Nep. Dat. 3:

    agitur praeceps exercitus Lydorum in populos,

    Sil. 4, 720:

    (adulteram) maritus per omnem vicum verbere agit,

    Tac. G. 19; Suet. Calig. 27:

    captivos prae se agentes,

    Curt. 7, 6; Liv. 23, 1:

    acti ante suum quisque praedonem catenati,

    Quint. 8, 3, 69:

    captivos sub curribus agere,

    Mart. 8, 26:

    agimur auguriis quaerere exilia,

    Verg. A. 3, 5;

    and simple for comp.: multis milibus armatorum actis ex ea regione = coactis,

    Liv. 44, 31.— In prose: agi, to be led, to march, to go:

    quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur,

    Liv. 10, 29: si citius agi vellet agmen, that the army would move, or march on quicker, id. 2, 58:

    raptim agmine acto,

    id. 6, 28; so id. 23, 36; 25, 9.— Trop.:

    egit sol hiemem sub terras,

    Verg. G. 4, 51:

    poemata dulcia sunto Et quocumque volent animum auditoris agunto,

    lead the mind, Hor. A. P. 100. —Hence, poet.: se agere, to betake one's self, i. e. to go, to come (in Plaut. very freq.;

    also in Ter., Verg., etc.): quo agis te?

    where are you going? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 294:

    unde agis te?

    id. Most. 1, 4, 28; so id. ib. 3, 1, 31; id. Mil. 3, 2, 49; id. Poen. 1, 2, 120; id. Pers. 4, 3, 13; id. Trin. 4, 3, 71:

    quo hinc te agis?

    where are you going, Ter. And. 4, 2, 25:

    Ecce gubernator sese Palinurus agebat,

    was moving along, Verg. A. 6, 337:

    Aeneas se matutinus agebat,

    id. ib. 8, 465:

    is enim se primus agebat,

    for he strode on in front, id. ib. 9, 696.—Also without se:

    Et tu, unde agis?

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 20:

    Quo agis?

    id. Pers. 2, 2, 34:

    Huc age,

    Tib. 2, 5, 2 (unless age is here to be taken with veni at the end of the line).—
    C.
    To drive or carry off (animals or men), to steal, rob, plunder (usually abigere):

    Et redigunt actos in sua rura boves,

    Ov. F. 3, 64.—So esp. freq. of men or animals taken as booty in war, while ferre is used of portable things; hence, ferre et agere (as in Gr. agein kai pherein, Hom. Il. 5, 484; and reversed, pherein kai agein, in Hdt. and Xen.; cf.:

    rapiunt feruntque,

    Verg. A. 2, 374:

    rapere et auferre,

    Cic. Off. 1, 14), in gen., to rob, to plunder: res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv. 22, 3:

    ut ferri agique res suas viderunt,

    id. 38, 15; so id. 3, 37;

    so also: rapere agereque: ut ex alieno agro raperent agerentque,

    Liv. 22, 1, 2; but portari atque agi means to bear and carry, to bring together, in Caes. B. C. 2, 29 (as pherein kai agein in Plat. Phaedr. 279, C):

    ne pulcram praedam agat,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 3:

    urbes, agros vastare, praedas agere,

    Sall. J. 20, 8; 32, 3:

    pecoris et mancipiorum praedas,

    id. ib. 44, 5;

    so eccl. Lat.: agere praedas de aliquo,

    Vulg. Jud. 9, 16; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8; cf. Gron. Obs. 3, 22, 633.—
    D.
    To chase, pursue, press animals or men, to drive about or onwards in flight (for the usual agitare).
    a.
    Of animals:

    apros,

    Verg. G. 3, 412:

    cervum,

    id. A. 7, 481; cf. id. ib. 4, 71:

    citos canes,

    Ov. H. 5, 20:

    feros tauros,

    Suet. Claud. 21.—
    b.
    Of men:

    ceteros ruerem, agerem,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21 (= prosequerer, premerem, Don.):

    ita perterritos egerunt, ut, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 12:

    Demoleos cursu palantis Troas agebat,

    Verg. A. 5, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 574:

    aliquem in exsilium,

    Liv. 25, 2; so Just. 2, 9, 6; 16, 4, 4; 17, 3, 17;

    22, 1, 16 al.: aliquem in fugam,

    id. 16, 2, 3.—
    E.
    Of inanimate or abstract objects, to move, impel, push forwards, advance, carry to or toward any point:

    quid si pater cuniculos agat ad aerarium?

    lead, make, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90:

    egisse huc Alpheum vias,

    made its way, Verg. A. 3, 695:

    vix leni et tranquillo mari moles agi possunt,

    carry, build out, Curt. 4, 2, 8:

    cloacam maximam sub terram agendam,

    to be carried under ground, Liv. 1, 56;

    so often in the histt., esp. Caes. and Livy, as t. t., of moving forwards the battering engines: celeriter vineis ad oppidum actis,

    pushed forwards, up, Caes. B. G. 2, 12 Herz.; so id. ib. 3, 21; 7, 17; id. B. C. 2, 1; Liv. 8, 16:

    accelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci,

    Verg. A. 9, 505 al.:

    fugere colles campique videntur, quos agimus praeter navem, i. e. praeter quos agimus navem,

    Lucr. 4, 391:

    in litus passim naves egerunt,

    drove the ships ashore, Liv. 22, 19:

    ratem in amnem,

    Ov. F. 1, 500:

    naves in advorsum amnem,

    Tac. H. 4, 22.— Poet.: agere navem, to steer or direct a ship, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 114; so,

    agere currum,

    to drive a chariot, Ov. M. 2, 62; 2, 388 al.—
    F.
    To stir up, to throw out, excite, cause, bring forth (mostly poet.):

    scintillasque agere ac late differre favillam,

    to throw out sparks and scatter ashes far around, Lucr. 2, 675:

    spumas ore,

    Verg. G. 3, 203; so Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66:

    piceum Flumen agit,

    Verg. A. 9, 814:

    qui vocem cubantes sensim excitant, eandemque cum egerunt, etc.,

    when they have brought it forth, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —Hence, animam agere, to expel the breath of life, give up the ghost, expire:

    agens animam spumat,

    Lucr. 3, 493:

    anhelans vaga vadit, animam agens,

    Cat. 63, 31:

    nam et agere animam et efflare dicimus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:

    Hortensius, cum has litteras scripsi, animam agebat,

    id. Fam. 8, 13, 2; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:

    eodem tempore et gestum et animam ageres,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 8:

    Est tanti habere animam ut agam?

    Sen. Ep. 101, 12; and with a play upon words: semper agis causas et res agis, Attale, semper. Est, non est, quod agas, Attale, semper agis. Si res et causae desunt, agis, Attale, mulas;

    Attale, ne quod agas desit, agas animam,

    Mart. 1, 80.—
    G.
    Of plants, to put forth or out, to shoot, extend:

    (salices) gemmas agunt,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 30:

    florem agere coeperit ficus,

    Col. R. R. 5, 10, 10:

    frondem agere,

    Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 45:

    se ad auras palmes agit,

    Verg. G. 2, 364:

    (platanum) radices trium et triginta cubitorum egisse,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 15:

    per glebas sensim radicibus actis,

    Ov. M. 4, 254; so id. ib. 2, 583:

    robora suas radices in profundum agunt,

    Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 127.—Metaph.:

    vera gloria radices agit,

    Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:

    pluma in cutem radices egerat imas,

    Ov. M. 2, 582.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Spec., to guide, govern:

    Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur,

    Verg. A. 1, 574; cf. Forbig. ad h. 1., who considers it the only instance of this use, and compares a similar use of agô; v. L. and S. s. v. II. 2.—
    B.
    In gen., to move, impel, excite, urge to a thing, to prompt or induce to:

    si quis ad illa deus te agat,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 24:

    una plaga ceteros ad certamen egit,

    Liv. 9, 41; 8, 7; 39, 15: quae te, germane, furentem Mens agit in facinus? Ov. M. 5, 14:

    totis mentibus acta,

    Sil. 10, 191:

    in furorem agere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 31:

    si Agricola in ipsam gloriam praeceps agebatur,

    Tac. Agr. 41:

    provinciam avaritia in bellum egerat,

    id. A. 14, 32.—
    C.
    To drive, stir up, excite, agitate, rouse vehemently (cf. agito, II.):

    me amor fugat, agit,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 8:

    agunt eum praecipitem poenae civium Romanorum,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 3:

    perpetua naturalis bonitas, quae nullis casibus neque agitur neque minuitur,

    Nep. Att. 9, 1 Brem.:

    opportunitas, quae etiam mediocres viros spe praedae transvorsos agit,

    i. e. leads astray, Sall. J. 6, 3; 14, 20; so Sen. Ep. 8, 3.— To pursue with hostile intent, to persecute, disturb, vex, to attack, assail (for the usu. agitare; mostly poet.):

    reginam Alecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi,

    Verg. A. 7, 405:

    non res et agentia (i. e. agitantia, vexantia) verba Lycamben,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25:

    acerba fata Romanos agunt,

    id. Epod 7, 17:

    diris agam vos,

    id. ib. 5, 89:

    quam deus ultor agebat,

    Ov. M. 14, 750:

    futurae mortis agor stimulis,

    Luc. 4, 517; cf. Matth. ad Cic. Mur. § 21.—
    D.
    To drive at something, to pursue a course of action, i. e. to make something an object of action; either in the most general sense, like the Engl. do and the Gr. prattein, for every kind of mental or physical employment; or, in a more restricted sense, to exhibit in external action, to act or perform, to deliver or pronounce, etc., so that after the act is completed nothing remains permanent, e. g. a speech, dance, play, etc. (while facere, to make, poiein, denotes the production of an object which continues to exist after the act is completed; and gerere, the performance of the duties of an office or calling).—On these significations, v. Varr. 6, 6, 62, and 6, 7, 64, and 6, 8, 72.—For the more restricted signif. v. Quint. 2, 18, 1 sq.; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 7, 12; Hab. Syn. 426.
    1.
    In the most gen. signif., to do, act, labor, in opp. to rest or idleness.
    a.
    With the gen. objects, aliquid, nihil, plus, etc.:

    numquam se plus agere quam nihil cum ageret,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17 (cf. with this, id. Off. 3, 1: numquam se minus otiosum esse quam cum otiosus esset): mihi, qui nihil agit, esse omnino non videtur. id. N. D. 2, 16, 46:

    post satietatem nihil (est) agendum,

    Cels. 1, 2.—Hence,
    b.
    Without object:

    aliud agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132; Juv. 16, 49:

    agendi tempora,

    Tac. H. 3, 40:

    industria in agendo, celeritas in conficiendo,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 29.—
    c.
    In colloquial lang., to do, to fare, get on: quid agis? what are you doing? M. Tulli, quid agis? Cic. Cat. 1, 11:

    Quid agis?

    What's your business? Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 9; also, How goes it with you? How are you? ti pratteis, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 20; Cic. Fam. 7, 11 al.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 4:

    vereor, quid agat,

    how he is, Cic. Att. 9, 17:

    ut sciatis, quid agam,

    Vulg. Ephes. 6, 21:

    prospere agit anima tua,

    fares well, ib. 3 Joan. 2:

    quid agitur?

    how goes it with you? how do you do? how are you? Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17; 1, 5, 42; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:

    Quid intus agitur?

    is going on, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 20; id. Ps. 1, 5, 42 al.—
    d.
    With nihil or non multum, to do, i. e. to effect, accomplish, achieve nothing, or not much (orig. belonging to colloquial lang., but in the class. per. even in oratorical and poet. style): nihil agit;

    collum obstringe homini,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 29:

    nihil agis,

    you effect nothing, it is of no use, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12:

    nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61 Kuhn.; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 10: cupis, inquit, abire; sed nihil agis;

    usque tenebo,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 15:

    [nihil agis,] nihil assequeris,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15 B. and K.:

    ubi blanditiis agitur nihil,

    Ov. M. 6, 685: egerit non multum, has not done much, Curt. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29; cf. Ruhnk. ad Rutil. Lup. p. 120.—
    e.
    In certain circumstances, to proceed, do, act, manage (mostly belonging to familiar style): Thr. Quid nunc agimus? Gn. Quin redimus, What shall we do now? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 41:

    hei mihi! quid faciam? quid agam?

    what shall I do? how shall I act? id. Ad. 5, 3, 3:

    quid agam, habeo,

    id. And. 3, 2, 18 (= quid respondeam habeo, Don.) al.:

    sed ita quidam agebat,

    was so acting, Cic. Lig. 7, 21: a Burro minaciter actum, Burrus [p. 75] proceeded to threats, Tac. A. 13, 21.—
    2.
    To pursue, do, perform, transact (the most usual signif. of this word; in all periods; syn.: facere, efficere, transigere, gerere, tractare, curare): cui quod agat institutumst nullo negotio id agit, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 254 Vahl.): ut quae egi, ago, axim, verruncent bene, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 114 Rib.):

    At nihil est, nisi, dum calet, hoc agitur,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 92:

    Ut id agam, quod missus huc sum,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 44: homines quae agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea si cui in somno accidunt, minus mirum est, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:

    observabo quam rem agat,

    what he is going to do, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 114:

    Id quidem ago,

    That is what I am doing, Verg. E. 9, 37:

    res vera agitur,

    Juv. 4, 35:

    Jam tempus agires,

    Verg. A. 5, 638:

    utilis rebus agendis,

    Juv. 14, 72:

    grassator ferro agit rem,

    does the business with a dagger, id. 3, 305; 6, 659 (cf.:

    gladiis geritur res,

    Liv. 9, 41):

    nihil ego nunc de istac re ago,

    do nothing about that matter, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8:

    postquam id actumst,

    after this is accomplished, id. Am. 1, 1, 72; so,

    sed quid actumst?

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 20:

    nihil aliud agebam nisi eum defenderem,

    Cic. Sull. 12:

    ne quid temere ac fortuitu, inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,

    id. Off. 1, 29:

    agamus quod instat,

    Verg. E. 9, 66:

    renuntiaverunt ei omnia, quae egerant,

    Vulg. Marc. 6, 30; ib. Act. 5, 35:

    suum negotium agere,

    to mind one's business, attend to one's own affairs, Cic. Off. 1, 9; id. de Or. 3, 55, 211; so,

    ut vestrum negotium agatis,

    Vulg. 1 Thess. 4, 11:

    neque satis Bruto constabat, quid agerent,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

    postquam res in Africa gestas, quoque modo actae forent, fama divolgavit,

    Sall. J. 30, 1:

    sed tu delibera, utrum colloqui malis an per litteras agere quae cogitas,

    Nep. Con. 3, 8 al. —With the spec. idea of completing, finishing: jucundi acti labores, a proverb in Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105.—
    3.
    To pursue in one's mind, to drive at, to revolve, to be occupied with, think upon, have in view, aim at (cf. agito, II. E., volvo and voluto):

    nescio quid mens mea majus agit,

    Ov. H. 12, 212:

    hoc variis mens ipsa modis agit,

    Val. Fl. 3, 392:

    agere fratri proditionem,

    Tac. H. 2, 26:

    de intranda Britannia,

    id. Agr. 13.—
    4.
    With a verbal subst., as a favorite circumlocution for the action indicated by the subst. (cf. in Gr. agô with verbal subst.):

    rimas agere (sometimes ducere),

    to open in cracks, fissures, to crack, Cic. Att. 14, 9; Ov. M. 2, 211; Luc. 6, 728: vos qui regalis corporis custodias agitis, keep watch over, guard, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1; so Liv. 5, 10:

    vigilias agere,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 93; Nep. Thras. 4; Tac. H. 3, 76:

    excubias alicui,

    Ov. F. 3, 245:

    excubias,

    Tac. H. 4, 58:

    pervigilium,

    Suet. Vit. 10:

    stationem agere,

    to keep guard, Liv. 35, 29; Tac. H. 1, 28:

    triumphum agere,

    to triumph, Cic. Fam. 3, 10; Ov. M. 15, 757; Suet. Dom. 6:

    libera arbitria agere,

    to make free decisions, to decide arbitrarily, Liv. 24, 45; Curt. 6, 1, 19; 8, 1, 4:

    paenitentiam agere,

    to exercise repentance, to repent, Quint. 9, 3, 12; Petr. S. 132; Tac. Or. 15; Curt. 8, 6, 23; Plin. Ep. 7, 10; Vulg. Lev. 5, 5; ib. Matt. 3, 2; ib. Apoc. 2, 5:

    silentia agere,

    to maintain silence, Ov. M. 1, 349:

    pacem agere,

    Juv. 15, 163:

    crimen agere,

    to bring accusation, to accuse, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48:

    laborem agere,

    id. Fin. 2, 32:

    cursus agere,

    Ov. Am. 3, 6, 95:

    delectum agere,

    to make choice, to choose, Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 107; Quint. 10, 4, 5:

    experimenta agere,

    Liv. 9, 14; Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:

    mensuram,

    id. 15, 3, 4, § 14:

    curam agere,

    to care for, Ov. H. 15, 302; Quint. 8, prooem. 18:

    curam ejus egit,

    Vulg. Luc. 10, 34:

    oblivia agere,

    to forget, Ov. M. 12, 540:

    nugas agere,

    to trifle, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 29; id. As. 1, 1, 78, and often:

    officinas agere,

    to keep shop, Inscr. Orell. 4266.—So esp.: agere gratias ( poet. grates; never in sing. gratiam), to give thanks, to thank; Gr. charin echein ( habere gratiam is to be or feel grateful; Gr. charin eidenai; and referre gratiam, to return a favor, requite; Gr. charin apodidonai; cf. Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 7):

    diis gratias pro meritis agere,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26:

    Haud male agit gratias,

    id. Aul. 4, 4, 31:

    Magnas vero agere gratias Thais mihi?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 1:

    Dis magnas merito gratias habeo atque ago,

    id. Phorm. 5, 6, 80: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter, Cic. Fam. 1, 10: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam;

    nam relaturum me adfirmare non possum,

    id. ib. 10, 11, 1: maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus, C. Caesar;

    majores etiam habemus,

    id. Marcell. 11, 33:

    Trebatio magnas ago gratias, quod, etc.,

    id. Fam. 11, 28, 8: renuntiate gratias regi me agere;

    referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 37: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque, reliqui Caelites, * Cic. Rep. 6, 9:

    gaudet et invito grates agit inde parenti,

    Ov. M. 2, 152; so id. ib. 6, 435; 484; 10, 291; 681; 14, 596; Vulg. 2 Reg. 8, 10; ib. Matt. 15, 36 al.;

    and in connection with this, laudes agere: Jovis fratri laudes ago et grates gratiasque habeo,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 2:

    Dianae laudes gratesque agam,

    id. Mil. 2, 5, 2; so,

    diis immortalibus laudesque et grates egit,

    Liv. 26, 48:

    agi sibi gratias passus est,

    Tac. Agr. 42; so id. H. 2, 71; 4, 51; id. A. 13, 21; but oftener grates or gratis in Tac.:

    Tiberius egit gratis benevolentiae patrum, A. 6, 2: agit grates,

    id. H. 3, 80; 4, 64; id. A. 2, 38; 2, 86; 3, 18; 3, 24; 4, 15 al.—
    5.
    Of time, to pass, spend (very freq. and class.): Romulus in caelo cum dis agit aevom, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28; so Pac. id. ib. 2, 21, 49, and Hor. S. 1, 5, 101:

    tempus,

    Tac. H. 4, 62; id. A. 3, 16: domi aetatem, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6:

    aetatem in litteris,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

    senectutem,

    id. Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 17, 60:

    dies festos,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Tac. G. 17:

    otia secura,

    Verg. G. 3, 377; Ov. F. 1, 68; 4, 926:

    ruri agere vitam,

    Liv. 7, 39, and Tac. A. 15, 63:

    vitam in terris,

    Verg. G. 2, 538:

    tranquillam vitam agere,

    Vulg. 1 Tim. 2, 2:

    Hunc (diem) agerem si,

    Verg. A. 5, 51:

    ver magnus agebat Orbis,

    id. G. 2, 338:

    aestiva agere,

    to pass, be in, summer quarters, Liv. 27, 8; 27, 21; Curt. 5, 8, 24.— Pass.:

    menses jam tibi esse actos vides,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 2:

    mensis agitur hic septimus,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 34, and Ov. M. 7, 700:

    melior pars acta (est) diei,

    Verg. A. 9, 156; Juv. 4, 66; Tac. A. 15, 63:

    acta est per lacrimas nox,

    Ov. H. 12, 58 Ruhnk.:

    tunc principium anni agebatur,

    Liv. 3, 6:

    actis quindecim annis in regno,

    Just. 41, 5, 9:

    Nona aetas agitur,

    Juv. 13, 28 al. —With annus and an ordinal, to be of a certain age, to be so old:

    quartum annum ago et octogesimum,

    am eighty-four years old, Cic. Sen. 10, 32:

    Annum agens sextum decimum patrem amisit,

    Suet. Caes. 1.—Metaph.: sescentesimum et quadragesimum annum urbs nostra agebat, was in its 640 th year, Tac. G. 37.— Hence also absol. (rare), to pass or spend time, to live, to be, to be somewhere:

    civitas laeta agere,

    was joyful, Sall. J. 55, 2:

    tum Marius apud primos agebat,

    id. ib. 101, 6:

    in Africa, qua procul a mari incultius agebatur,

    id. ib. 89, 7:

    apud illos homines, qui tum agebant,

    Tac. A. 3, 19:

    Thracia discors agebat,

    id. ib. 3, 38:

    Juxta Hermunduros Naristi agunt,

    Tac. G. 42:

    ultra jugum plurimae gentes agunt,

    id. ib. 43:

    Gallos trans Padum agentes,

    id. H. 3, 34:

    quibus (annis) exul Rhodi agit,

    id. A. 1, 4:

    agere inter homines desinere,

    id. ib. 15, 74:

    Vitellius non in ore volgi agere,

    was not in the sight of the people, id. H. 3, 36:

    ante aciem agere,

    id. G. 7; and:

    in armis agere,

    id. A. 14, 55 = versari.—
    6.
    In the lang. of offerings, t. t., to despatch the victim, to kill, slay. In performing this rite, the sacrificer asked the priest, agone, shall I do it? and the latter answered, age or hoc age, do it:

    qui calido strictos tincturus sanguine cultros semper, Agone? rogat, nec nisi jussus agit,

    Ov. F. 1. 321 (cf. agonia and agonalia):

    a tergo Chaeream cervicem (Caligulae) gladio caesim graviter percussisse, praemissa voce,

    hoc age, Suet. Calig. 58; id. Galb. 20. —This call of the priest in act of solemn sacrifice, Hoc age, warned the assembled multitude to be quiet and give attention; hence hoc or id and sometimes haec or istuc agere was used for, to give attention to, to attend to, to mind, heed; and followed by ut or ne, to pursue a thing, have it in view, aim at, design, etc.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 1, 2, 15, and Suet. Calig. 58: hoc agite, Plaut. As. prol. init.:

    Hoc age,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 152; id. Ep. 1, 6, 31:

    Hoc agite, of poetry,

    Juv. 7, 20:

    hoc agamus,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 12:

    haec agamus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 49:

    agere hoc possumus,

    Lucr. 1, 41; 4, 969; Juv. 7, 48:

    hoccine agis an non? hoc agam,

    id. ib., Ter. And. 1, 2, 15; 2, 5, 4:

    nunc istuc age,

    id. Heaut. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 3 al.:

    Hoc egit civis Romanus ante te nemo,

    Cic. Lig. 4, 11:

    id et agunt et moliuntur,

    id. Mur. 38:

    (oculi, aures, etc.) quasi fenestrae sunt animi, quibus tamen sentire nihil queat mens, nisi id agat et adsit,

    id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: qui id egerunt, ut gentem... collocarent, aimed at this, that, etc., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12:

    qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

    keep it in view, that, id. Off. 1, 13, 41:

    idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?

    id. Lig. 6, 18:

    Hoc agit, ut doleas,

    Juv. 5, 157:

    Hoc age, ne mutata retrorsum te ferat aura,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 88:

    Quid tuus ille destrictus gladius agebat?

    have in view, mean, Cic. Leg. 3, 9:

    Quid aliud egimus nisi ut, quod hic potest, nos possemus?

    id. ib. 4, 10:

    Sin autem id actum est, ut homines postremi pecuniis alienis locupletarentur,

    id. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:

    certiorem eum fecit, id agi, ut pons dissolveretur,

    Nep. Them. 5, 1:

    ego id semper egi, ne bellis interessem,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7.—Also, the opp.: alias res or aliud agere, not to attend to, heed, or observe, to pursue secondary or subordinate objects: Ch. Alias res agis. Pa. Istuc ago equidem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 57; id. Hec. 5, 3, 28:

    usque eo animadverti eum jocari atque alias res agere,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 22:

    atqui vides, quam alias res agamus,

    id. de Or. 3, 14, 51; id. Brut. 66, 233:

    aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodi cogitans,

    id. Clu. 64.—
    7.
    In relation to public affairs, to conduct, manage, carry on, administer: agere bellum, to carry on or wage war (embracing the whole theory and practice of war, while bellum gerere designates the bodily and mental effort, and the bearing of the necessary burdens; and bellum facere, the actual outbreak of hostile feelings, v. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 28):

    qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum agere instituerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 28:

    Antiochus si tam in agendo bello parere voluisset consiliis ejus (Hannibalis) quam in suscipiendo instituerat, etc.,

    Nep. Hann. 8, 3; Curt. 4, 10, 29:

    aliena bella mercedibus agere,

    Mel. 1, 16:

    Bellaque non puero tractat agenda puer,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 182 (also in id. Tr. 2, 230, Gron. Observ. 2, 3, 227, for the usu. obit, with one MS., reads agit; so Merkel).— Poet.:

    Martem for bellum,

    Luc. 4, 2: agere proelium, to give battle (very rare):

    levibus proeliis cum Gallis actis,

    Liv. 22, 9.—Of offices, employments, etc., to conduct, exercise, administer, hold:

    forum agere,

    to hold court, Cic. Fam. 8, 6; and:

    conventus agere,

    to hold the assizes, id. Verr. 5, 11, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 54; 6, 44;

    used of the governors of provinces: judicium agere,

    Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:

    vivorum coetus agere,

    to make assemblies of, to assemble, Tac. A. 16, 34:

    censum agere,

    Liv. 3, 22; Tac. A. 14, 46; Suet. Aug. 27:

    recensum agere,

    id. Caes. 41:

    potestatem agere,

    Flor. 1, 7, 2:

    honorem agere,

    Liv. 8, 26:

    regnum,

    Flor. 1, 6, 2:

    rem publicam,

    Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 8:

    consulatum,

    Quint. 12, 1, 16:

    praefecturam,

    Suet. Tib. 6:

    centurionatum,

    Tac. A. 1, 44:

    senatum,

    Suet. Caes. 88:

    fiscum agere,

    to have charge of the treasury, id. Dom. 12:

    publicum agere,

    to collect the taxes, id. Vesp. 1:

    inquisitionem agere,

    Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:

    curam alicujus rei agere,

    to have the management of, to manage, Liv. 6, 15; Suet. Claud. 18:

    rei publicae curationem agens,

    Liv. 4, 13: dilectum agere, to make a levy, to levy (postAug. for dilectum habere, Cic., Caes., Sall.), Quint. 12, 3, 5; Tac. A. 2, 16; id. Agr. 7 and 10; id. H. 2, 16, 12; Suet. Calig. 43. —
    8.
    Of civil and political transactions in the senate, the forum, before tribunals of justice, etc., to manage or transact, to do, to discuss, plead, speak, deliberate; constr. aliquid or de aliqua re:

    velim recordere, quae ego de te in senatu egerim, quae in contionibus dixerim,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 2; 1, 9:

    de condicionibus pacis,

    Liv. 8, 37:

    de summa re publica,

    Suet. Caes. 28:

    cum de Catilinae conjuratione ageretur in curia,

    id. Aug. 94:

    de poena alicujus,

    Liv. 5, 36:

    de agro plebis,

    id. 1, 46.—Hence the phrase: agere cum populo, of magistrates, to address the people in a public assembly, for the purpose of obtaining their approval or rejection of a thing (while [p. 76] agere ad populum signifies to propose, to bring before the people):

    cum populo agere est rogare quid populum, quod suffragiis suis aut jubeat aut vetet,

    Gell. 13, 15, 10:

    agere cum populo de re publica,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 12; id. Lael. 25, 96:

    neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat neve cum populo agat,

    Sall. C. 51, 43.—So also absol.:

    hic locus (rostra) ad agendum amplissimus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1:

    Metellus cum agere coepisset, tertio quoque verbo orationis suae me appellabat,

    id. Fam. 5, 2.— Transf. to common life.
    a.
    Agere cum aliquo, de aliquo or re or ut, to treat, deal, negotiate, confer, talk with one about a person or thing; to endeavor to persuade or move one, that, etc.: nihil age tecum (sc. cum odore vini);

    ubi est ipsus (vini lepos)?

    I have nothing to do with you, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 11:

    Quae (patria) tecum, Catilina, sic agit,

    thus pleads, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 18:

    algae Inquisitores agerent cum remige nudo,

    Juv. 4, 49:

    haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant,

    thus treated together, Verg. A. 11, 445:

    de quo et praesens tecum egi diligenter, et scripsi ad te accurate antea,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 75:

    egi cum Claudia et cum vestra sorore Mucia, ut eum ab illa injuria deterrerent,

    id. ib. 5, 2:

    misi ad Metellum communes amicos, qui agerent cum eo, ut de illa mente desisteret,

    id. ib. 5, 2:

    Callias quidam egit cum Cimone, ut eam (Elpinicen) sibi uxorem daret,

    Nep. Cim. 1, 3.—Also absol.:

    Alcibiades praesente vulgo agere coepit,

    Nep. Alc. 8, 2:

    si qua Caesares obtinendae Armeniae egerant,

    Tac. A. 15, 14:

    ut Lucretius agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,

    Liv. 2, 2.—In Suet. once agere cum senatu, with acc. and inf., to propose or state to the Senate:

    Tiberius egit cum senatu non debere talia praemia tribui,

    Suet. Tib. 54.—
    b.
    With the advv. bene, praeclare, male, etc., to deal well or ill with one, to treat or use well or ill:

    facile est bene agere cum eis, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 11:

    bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade, si, etc.,

    Val. Max. 5, 3, 3 ext.; Vulg. Jud. 9, 16:

    praeclare cum aliquo agere,

    Cic. Sest. 23:

    Male agis mecum,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 21:

    qui cum creditoribus suis male agat,

    Cic. Quinct. 84; and:

    tu contra me male agis,

    Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—Freq. in pass., to be or go well or ill with one, to be well or badly off:

    intelleget secum actum esse pessime,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50:

    praeclare mecum actum puto,

    id. Fam. 9, 24; so id. ib. 5, 18: exstat cujusdam non inscitus jocus bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si Domitius pater talem habuisset uxorem, it would have gone well with human affairs, been well for mankind, if, etc., Suet. Ner. 28.—Also absol. without cum: agitur praeclare, si nosmet ipsos regere possumus, it is well done if, etc., it is a splendid thing if, etc., Cic. Fam. 4, 14:

    vivitur cum eis, in quibus praeclare agitur si sunt simulacra virtutis,

    id. Off. 1, 15:

    bene agitur pro noxia,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—
    9.
    Of transactions before a court or tribunal.
    a.
    Aliquid agere ex jure, ex syngrapha, ex sponso, or simply the abl. jure, lege, litibus, obsignatis tabellis, causa, to bring an action or suit, to manage a cause, to plead a case:

    ex jure civili et praetorio agere,

    Cic. Caecin. 12:

    tamquam ex syngrapha agere cum populo,

    to litigate, id. Mur. 17:

    ex sponso egit,

    id. Quint. 9: Ph. Una injuriast Tecum. Ch. Lege agito ergo, Go to law, then, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90:

    agere lege in hereditatem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175; Ov. F. 1, 48; Liv. 9, 46:

    cum illo se lege agere dicebat,

    Nep. Tim. 5: summo jure agere, to assert or claim one's right to the full extent of the law, Cic. Off. 1, 11:

    non enim gladiis mecum, sed litibus agetur,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 4:

    causa quam vi agere malle,

    Tac. A. 13, 37:

    tabellis obsignatis agis mecum,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

    Jure, ut opinor, agat, jure increpet inciletque,

    with right would bring her charge, Lucr. 3, 963; so,

    Castrensis jurisdictio plura manu agens,

    settles more cases by force, Tac. Agr. 9:

    ubi manu agitur,

    when the case is settled by violent hands, id. G. 36.—
    b.
    Causam or rem agere, to try or plead a case; with apud, ad, or absol.:

    causam apud centumviros egit,

    Cic. Caecin. 24:

    Caesar cum ageret apud censores,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10; so with adversus:

    egi causam adversus magistratus,

    Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 11:

    orator agere dicitur causam,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 42: causam isto modo agere, Cic. Lig. 4, 10; Tac. Or. 5; 11; 14; Juv. 2, 51; 14, 132:

    agit causas liberales,

    Cic. Fam. 8, 9: qui ad rem agendam adsunt, M. Cael. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 51:

    cum (M. Tullius) et ipsam se rem agere diceret,

    Quint. 12, 10, 45: Gripe, accede huc;

    tua res agitur,

    is being tried, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 104; Quint. 8, 3, 13;

    and extra-judicially: rogo ad Caesarem meam causam agas,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 10:

    Una (factio) populi causam agebat, altera optimatum,

    Nep. Phoc. 3; so, agere, absol., to plead' ad judicem sic agi solet, Cic. Lig. 10:

    tam solute agere, tam leniter,

    id. Brut. 80:

    tu istuc nisi fingeres, sic ageres?

    id. ib. 80; Juv. 7, 143 and 144; 14, 32.— Transf. to common life; with de or acc., to discuss, treat, speak of:

    Sed estne hic ipsus, de quo agebam?

    of whom I was speaking, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53:

    causa non solum exponenda, sed etiam graviter copioseque agenda est,

    to be discussed, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37:

    Samnitium bella, quae agimus,

    are treating of, Liv. 10, 31.—Hence,
    c.
    Agere aliquem reum, to proceed against one as accused, to accuse one, Liv. 4, 42; 24, 25; Tac. A. 14, 18:

    reus agitur,

    id. ib. 15, 20; 3, 13; and with the gen. of the crime, with which one is charged:

    agere furti,

    to accuse of theft, Cic. Fam. 7, 22:

    adulterii cum aliquo,

    Quint. 4, 4, 8:

    injuriarum,

    id. 3, 6, 19; and often in the Pandects.—
    d.
    Pass. of the thing which is the subject of accusation, to be in suit or in question; it concerns or affects, is about, etc.:

    non nunc pecunia, sed illud agitur, quomodo, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 67:

    non capitis ei res agitur, sed pecuniae,

    the point in dispute, id. Phorm. 4, 3, 26:

    aguntur injuriae sociorum, agitur vis legum, agitur existimatio, veritasque judiciorum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:

    si magna res, magna hereditas agetur,

    id. Fin. 2, 17: qua de re agitur, what the point of dispute or litigation is, id. Brut. 79.—Hence, trop.,
    (α).
    Res agitur, the case is on trial, i. e. something is at stake or at hazard, in peril, or in danger:

    at nos, quarum res agitur, aliter auctores sumus,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 72:

    quasi istic mea res minor agatur quam tua,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113:

    agitur populi Romani gloria, agitur salus sociorum atque amicorum, aguntur certissima populi Romani vectigalia et maxima, aguntur bona multorum civium,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

    in quibus eorum aut caput agatur aut fama,

    id. Lael. 17, 61; Nep. Att. 15, 2:

    non libertas solum agebatur,

    Liv. 28, 19; Sen. Clem. 1, 20 al.:

    nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84 (= in periculo versatur, Lambin.):

    agitur pars tertia mundi,

    is at stake, I am in danger of losing, Ov. M. 5, 372.—
    (β).
    Res acta est, the case is over (and done for): acta haec res est;

    perii,

    this matter is ended, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3: hence, actum est de aliquo or aliqua re, it is all over with a person or thing:

    actum hodie est de me,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63:

    jam de Servio actum,

    Liv. 1, 47:

    actum est de collo meo,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 4, 194.—So also absol.: actumst;

    ilicet me infelicem,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 17:

    si animus hominem pepulit, actumst,

    id. Trin. 2, 2, 27; Ter. And. 3, 1, 7; Cic. Att. 5, 15:

    actumst, ilicet, peristi,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 9: periimus;

    actumst,

    id. Heaut. 3, 3, 3.—
    (γ).
    Rem actam agere, to plead a case already finished, i. e. to act to no purpose:

    rem actam agis,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 27; id. Cist. 4, 2, 36; Liv. 28, 40; so,

    actum or acta agere: actum, aiunt, ne agas,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Att. 9, 18:

    acta agimus,

    id. Am. 22.—
    10. a.
    Of an orator, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 79:

    quae sic ab illo acta esse constabat oculis, voce, gestu, inimici ut lacrimas tenere non possent,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 214:

    agere fortius et audentius volo,

    Tac. Or. 18; 39.—
    b.
    Of an actor, to represent, play, act:

    Ipse hanc acturust Juppiter comoediam,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 88; so,

    fabulam,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 12; id. Hec. prol. 22:

    dum haec agitur fabula,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 72 al.:

    partis,

    to have a part in a play, Ter. Phorm. prol. 27:

    Ballionem illum cum agit, agit Chaeream,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 7:

    gestum agere in scaena,

    id. de Or. 2, 57:

    dicitur canticum egisse aliquanto magis vigente motu,

    Liv. 7, 2 al. — Transf. to other relations, to represent or personate one, to act the part of, to act as, behave like: has partes lenitatis semper egi, Cic. Mur. 3:

    egi illos omnes adulescentes, quos ille actitat,

    id. Fam. 2, 9:

    amicum imperatoris,

    Tac. H. 1, 30:

    exulem,

    id. A. 1, 4:

    socium magis imperii quam ministrum,

    id. H. 2, 83:

    senatorem,

    Tac. A. 16, 28.—So of things poetically:

    utrinque prora frontem agit,

    serves as a bow, Tac. G. 44.—
    11.
    Se agere = se gerere, to carry one's self, to behave, deport one's self:

    tanta mobilitate sese Numidae agunt,

    Sall. J. 56, 5:

    quanto ferocius ante se egerint,

    Tac. H. 3, 2 Halm:

    qui se pro equitibus Romanis agerent,

    Suet. Claud. 25:

    non principem se, sed ministrum egit,

    id. ib. 29:

    neglegenter se et avare agere,

    Eutr. 6, 9:

    prudenter se agebat,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5:

    sapienter se agebat,

    ib. 4 Reg. 18, 7. —Also absol.:

    seditiose,

    Tac. Agr. 7:

    facile justeque,

    id. ib. 9:

    superbe,

    id. H. 2, 27:

    ex aequo,

    id. ib. 4, 64:

    anxius et intentus agebat,

    id. Agr. 5.—
    12.
    Imper.: age, agite, Ter., Tib., Lucr., Hor., Ov., never using agite, and Catull. never age, with which compare the Gr. age, agete (also accompanied by the particles dum, eia, en, ergo, igitur, jam, modo, nuncjam, porro, quare, quin, sane, vero, verum, and by sis); as an exclamation.
    a.
    In encouragement, exhortation, come! come on! (old Engl. go to!) up! on! quick! (cf. I. B. fin.).
    (α).
    In the sing.:

    age, adsta, mane, audi, Enn. ap. Delr. Synt. 1, 99: age i tu secundum,

    come, follow me! Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 1:

    age, perge, quaeso,

    id. Cist. 2, 3, 12:

    age, da veniam filio,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14:

    age, age, nunc experiamur,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 23:

    age sis tu... delude,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 89; id. Ep. 3, 4, 39; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 16:

    quanto ferocius ante se egerint, agedum eam solve cistulam,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 151; id. Capt. 3, 4, 39:

    Agedum vicissim dic,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Eun. 4, 4, 27:

    agedum humanis concede,

    Lucr. 3, 962:

    age modo hodie sero,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103:

    age nuncjam,

    id. And. 5, 2, 25:

    En age, quid cessas,

    Tib. 2, 2, 10:

    Quare age,

    Verg. A. 7, 429:

    Verum age,

    id. ib. 12, 832:

    Quin age,

    id. G. 4, 329:

    en, age, Rumpe moras,

    id. ib. 3, 43:

    eia age,

    id. A. 4, 569.—
    (β).
    In the plur.:

    agite, pugni,

    up, fists, and at 'em! Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 146:

    agite bibite,

    id. Curc. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 1, 3, 68:

    agite in modum dicite,

    Cat. 61, 38:

    Quare agite... conjungite,

    id. 64, 372; Verg. A. 1, 627:

    vos agite... volvite,

    Val. Fl. 3, 311:

    agite nunc, divites, plorate,

    Vulg. Jac. 5, 1:

    agitedum,

    Liv. 3, 62.—Also age in the sing., with a verb in the plur. (cf. age tamnete, Hom. Od. 3, 332; age dê trapeiomen, id. Il. 3, 441):

    age igitur, intro abite,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:

    En agedum convertite,

    Prop. 1, 1, 21:

    mittite, agedum, legatos,

    Liv. 38, 47:

    Ite age,

    Stat. Th. 10, 33:

    Huc age adeste,

    Sil. 11, 169.—
    b.
    In transitions in discourse, well then! well now! well! (esp. in Cic. Or. very freq.). So in Plaut. for resuming discourse that has been interrupted: age, tu interea huic somnium narra, Curc. 2, 2, 5: nunc age, res quoniam docui non posse creari, etc., well now, since I have taught, etc., Lucr. 1, 266:

    nunc age, quod superest, cognosce et clarius audi,

    id. 1, 920; so id. 1, 952; 2, 62; 333; 730; 3, 418;

    4, 109 al.: age porro, tu, qui existimari te voluisti interpretem foederum, cur, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22; so id. Rosc. Am. 16; id. Part. 12; id. Att. 8, 3.—And age (as in a.) with a verb in the plur.:

    age vero, ceteris in rebus qualis sit temperantia considerate,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14; so id. Sull. 26; id. Mil. 21; id. Rosc. Am. 37.—
    c.
    As a sign of assent, well! very well! good! right! Age, age, mansero, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 61: age, age, jam ducat;

    dabo,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 57:

    Age, veniam,

    id. And. 4, 2, 30:

    age, sit ita factum,

    Cic. Mil. 19:

    age sane,

    Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 27; Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119.
    Position.
    —Age, used with another verb in the imperative, regularly stands before it, but in poetry, for the sake of the metre, it,
    I.
    Sometimes follows such verb; as,
    a.
    In dactylic metre:

    Cede agedum,

    Prop. 5, 9, 54:

    Dic age,

    Verg. A. 6, 343; Hor. S. 2, 7, 92; Ov. F. 1, 149:

    Esto age,

    Pers. 2, 42:

    Fare age,

    Verg. A. 3, 362:

    Finge age,

    Ov. H. 7, 65:

    Redde age,

    Hor. S. 2, 8, 80:

    Surge age,

    Verg. A. 3, 169; 8, 59; 10, 241; Ov. H. 14, 73:

    Vade age,

    Verg. A. 3, 462; 4, 422; so,

    agite: Ite agite,

    Prop. 4, 3, 7.—
    b.
    In other metres (very rarely):

    appropera age,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 38:

    dic age,

    Hor. C. 1, [p. 77] 32, 3; 2, 11, 22;

    3, 4, 1.—So also in prose (very rarely): Mittite agedum,

    Liv. 38, 47:

    procedat agedum ad pugnam,

    id. 7, 9.—
    II.
    It is often separated from such verb:

    age me huc adspice,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 118; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:

    Age... instiga,

    Ter. And. 4, 2, 10; 5, 6, 11:

    Quare agite... conjungite,

    Cat. 64, 372:

    Huc age... veni,

    Tib. 2, 5, 2:

    Ergo age cervici imponere nostrae,

    Verg. A. 2, 707:

    en age segnis Rumpe moras,

    id. G. 3, 42:

    age te procellae Crede,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 62:

    Age jam... condisce,

    id. ib. 4, 11, 31; id. S. 2, 7, 4.—Hence,
    1.
    ăgens, entis, P. a.
    A.
    Adj.
    1.
    Efficient, effective, powerful (only in the rhet. lang. of Cic.):

    utendum est imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358:

    acre orator, incensus et agens,

    id. Brut. 92, 317.— Comp. and sup. not used.
    2.
    Agentia verba, in the grammarians, for verba activa, Gell. 18, 12.—
    B.
    Subst.: ăgentes, ium.
    a.
    Under the emperors, a kind of secret police (also called frumentarii and curiosi), Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.; Dig. 1, 12; 1, 20; 21; 22; 23, etc.; Amm. 15, 3; 14, 11 al.—
    b.
    For agrimensores, land-surveyors, Hyg. Lim. p. 179.—
    2.
    actus, a, um, P. a. Lit., that has been transacted in the Senate, in the forum, before the courts of justice, etc.; hence,
    A.
    actum, i, n., a public transaction in the Senate, before the people, or before a single magistrate:

    actum ejus, qui in re publica cum imperio versatus sit,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 7:

    acta Caesaris servanda censeo,

    id. ib. 1, 7:

    acta tui praeclari tribunatus,

    id. Dom. 31.—
    B.
    acta publĭca, or absol.: acta, orum, n., the register of public acts, records, journal. Julius Caesar, in his consulship, ordered that the doings of the Senate (diurna acta) should be made public, Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Ernest. Exc. 1;

    but Augustus again prohibited it,

    Suet. Aug. 36. Still the acts of the Senate were written down, and, under the succeeding emperors. certain senators were appointed to this office (actis vel commentariis Senatus conficiendis), Tac. A. 5, 4. They had also public registers of the transactions of the assemblies of the people, and of the different courts of justice;

    also of births and deaths, marriages, divorces, etc., which were preserved as sources of future history.—Hence, diurna urbis acta,

    the city journal, Tac. A. 13, 31:

    acta populi,

    Suet. Caes. 20:

    acta publica,

    Tac. A. 12, 24; Suet. Tib. 8; Plin. Ep. 7, 33:

    urbana,

    id. ib. 9, 15; which were all comprehended under the gen. name acta.
    1.
    With the time added:

    acta eorum temporum,

    Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 60:

    illius temporis,

    Ascon. Mil. 44, 16:

    ejus anni,

    Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147.—
    2.
    Absol., Cic. Fam. 12, 8; 22, 1; 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 10; 3, 16; Suet. Calig. 8; Quint. 9, 3; Juv. 2, 136: Quis dabit historico, quantum daret acta legenti, i. e. to the actuarius, q. v., id. 7, 104; cf. Bahr's Rom. Lit. Gesch. 303.—
    C.
    acta triumphōrum, the public record of triumphs, fuller than the Fasti triumphales, Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 12.—
    D.
    acta fŏri (v. Inscr. Grut. 445, 10), the records,
    a.
    Of strictly historical transactions, Amm. 22, 3, 4; Dig. 4, 6, 33, § 1.—
    b.
    Of matters of private right, as wills, gifts, bonds (acta ad jus privatorum pertinentia, Dig. 49, 14, 45, § 4), Fragm. Vat. §§ 249, 266, 268, 317.—
    E.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > acta fori

  • 20 acta militaria

    ăgo, egi, actum, 3, v. a. (axim = egerim, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 22; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. axitiosi, p. 3 Mull.;

    axit = egerit,

    Paul. Diac. 3, 3;

    AGIER = agi,

    Cic. Off. 3, 15;

    agentum = agentium,

    Vulc. Gall. Av. Cass. 4, 6) [cf. agô; Sanscr. ag, aghami = to go, to drive; agmas = way, train = ogmos; agis = race, contest = agôn; perh. also Germ. jagen, to drive, to hunt], to put in motion, to move (syn.: agitare, pellere, urgere).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of cattle and other animals, to lead, drive.
    a.
    Absol.: agas asellum, Seip. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 258:

    jumenta agebat,

    Liv. 1, 48:

    capellas ago,

    Verg. E. 1, 13:

    Pars quia non veniant pecudes, sed agantur, ab actu etc.,

    Ov. F. 1, 323:

    caballum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 36.—
    b.
    With acc. of place, prep., sup., or inf.:

    agere bovem Romam,

    Curt. 1, 45:

    equum in hostem,

    id. 7, 4:

    Germani in amnem aguntur,

    Tac. H. 5, 21:

    acto ad vallum equo,

    id. A. 2, 13:

    pecora per calles,

    Curt. 7, 11:

    per devia rura capellas,

    Ov. M. 1, 676:

    pecus pastum,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 41, p. 88 Mull.:

    capellas potum age,

    Verg. E. 9, 23:

    pecus egit altos Visere montes,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 7.—
    B.
    Of men, to drive, lead, conduct, impel.
    a.
    Absol.:

    agmen agens equitum,

    Verg. A. 7, 804.—
    b.
    With prep., abl., or inf.:

    vinctum ante se Thyum agebat,

    Nep. Dat. 3:

    agitur praeceps exercitus Lydorum in populos,

    Sil. 4, 720:

    (adulteram) maritus per omnem vicum verbere agit,

    Tac. G. 19; Suet. Calig. 27:

    captivos prae se agentes,

    Curt. 7, 6; Liv. 23, 1:

    acti ante suum quisque praedonem catenati,

    Quint. 8, 3, 69:

    captivos sub curribus agere,

    Mart. 8, 26:

    agimur auguriis quaerere exilia,

    Verg. A. 3, 5;

    and simple for comp.: multis milibus armatorum actis ex ea regione = coactis,

    Liv. 44, 31.— In prose: agi, to be led, to march, to go:

    quo multitudo omnis consternata agebatur,

    Liv. 10, 29: si citius agi vellet agmen, that the army would move, or march on quicker, id. 2, 58:

    raptim agmine acto,

    id. 6, 28; so id. 23, 36; 25, 9.— Trop.:

    egit sol hiemem sub terras,

    Verg. G. 4, 51:

    poemata dulcia sunto Et quocumque volent animum auditoris agunto,

    lead the mind, Hor. A. P. 100. —Hence, poet.: se agere, to betake one's self, i. e. to go, to come (in Plaut. very freq.;

    also in Ter., Verg., etc.): quo agis te?

    where are you going? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 294:

    unde agis te?

    id. Most. 1, 4, 28; so id. ib. 3, 1, 31; id. Mil. 3, 2, 49; id. Poen. 1, 2, 120; id. Pers. 4, 3, 13; id. Trin. 4, 3, 71:

    quo hinc te agis?

    where are you going, Ter. And. 4, 2, 25:

    Ecce gubernator sese Palinurus agebat,

    was moving along, Verg. A. 6, 337:

    Aeneas se matutinus agebat,

    id. ib. 8, 465:

    is enim se primus agebat,

    for he strode on in front, id. ib. 9, 696.—Also without se:

    Et tu, unde agis?

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 20:

    Quo agis?

    id. Pers. 2, 2, 34:

    Huc age,

    Tib. 2, 5, 2 (unless age is here to be taken with veni at the end of the line).—
    C.
    To drive or carry off (animals or men), to steal, rob, plunder (usually abigere):

    Et redigunt actos in sua rura boves,

    Ov. F. 3, 64.—So esp. freq. of men or animals taken as booty in war, while ferre is used of portable things; hence, ferre et agere (as in Gr. agein kai pherein, Hom. Il. 5, 484; and reversed, pherein kai agein, in Hdt. and Xen.; cf.:

    rapiunt feruntque,

    Verg. A. 2, 374:

    rapere et auferre,

    Cic. Off. 1, 14), in gen., to rob, to plunder: res sociorum ferri agique vidit, Liv. 22, 3:

    ut ferri agique res suas viderunt,

    id. 38, 15; so id. 3, 37;

    so also: rapere agereque: ut ex alieno agro raperent agerentque,

    Liv. 22, 1, 2; but portari atque agi means to bear and carry, to bring together, in Caes. B. C. 2, 29 (as pherein kai agein in Plat. Phaedr. 279, C):

    ne pulcram praedam agat,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 3:

    urbes, agros vastare, praedas agere,

    Sall. J. 20, 8; 32, 3:

    pecoris et mancipiorum praedas,

    id. ib. 44, 5;

    so eccl. Lat.: agere praedas de aliquo,

    Vulg. Jud. 9, 16; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8; cf. Gron. Obs. 3, 22, 633.—
    D.
    To chase, pursue, press animals or men, to drive about or onwards in flight (for the usual agitare).
    a.
    Of animals:

    apros,

    Verg. G. 3, 412:

    cervum,

    id. A. 7, 481; cf. id. ib. 4, 71:

    citos canes,

    Ov. H. 5, 20:

    feros tauros,

    Suet. Claud. 21.—
    b.
    Of men:

    ceteros ruerem, agerem,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21 (= prosequerer, premerem, Don.):

    ita perterritos egerunt, ut, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 12:

    Demoleos cursu palantis Troas agebat,

    Verg. A. 5, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 574:

    aliquem in exsilium,

    Liv. 25, 2; so Just. 2, 9, 6; 16, 4, 4; 17, 3, 17;

    22, 1, 16 al.: aliquem in fugam,

    id. 16, 2, 3.—
    E.
    Of inanimate or abstract objects, to move, impel, push forwards, advance, carry to or toward any point:

    quid si pater cuniculos agat ad aerarium?

    lead, make, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 90:

    egisse huc Alpheum vias,

    made its way, Verg. A. 3, 695:

    vix leni et tranquillo mari moles agi possunt,

    carry, build out, Curt. 4, 2, 8:

    cloacam maximam sub terram agendam,

    to be carried under ground, Liv. 1, 56;

    so often in the histt., esp. Caes. and Livy, as t. t., of moving forwards the battering engines: celeriter vineis ad oppidum actis,

    pushed forwards, up, Caes. B. G. 2, 12 Herz.; so id. ib. 3, 21; 7, 17; id. B. C. 2, 1; Liv. 8, 16:

    accelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci,

    Verg. A. 9, 505 al.:

    fugere colles campique videntur, quos agimus praeter navem, i. e. praeter quos agimus navem,

    Lucr. 4, 391:

    in litus passim naves egerunt,

    drove the ships ashore, Liv. 22, 19:

    ratem in amnem,

    Ov. F. 1, 500:

    naves in advorsum amnem,

    Tac. H. 4, 22.— Poet.: agere navem, to steer or direct a ship, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 114; so,

    agere currum,

    to drive a chariot, Ov. M. 2, 62; 2, 388 al.—
    F.
    To stir up, to throw out, excite, cause, bring forth (mostly poet.):

    scintillasque agere ac late differre favillam,

    to throw out sparks and scatter ashes far around, Lucr. 2, 675:

    spumas ore,

    Verg. G. 3, 203; so Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66:

    piceum Flumen agit,

    Verg. A. 9, 814:

    qui vocem cubantes sensim excitant, eandemque cum egerunt, etc.,

    when they have brought it forth, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. —Hence, animam agere, to expel the breath of life, give up the ghost, expire:

    agens animam spumat,

    Lucr. 3, 493:

    anhelans vaga vadit, animam agens,

    Cat. 63, 31:

    nam et agere animam et efflare dicimus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:

    Hortensius, cum has litteras scripsi, animam agebat,

    id. Fam. 8, 13, 2; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:

    eodem tempore et gestum et animam ageres,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 8:

    Est tanti habere animam ut agam?

    Sen. Ep. 101, 12; and with a play upon words: semper agis causas et res agis, Attale, semper. Est, non est, quod agas, Attale, semper agis. Si res et causae desunt, agis, Attale, mulas;

    Attale, ne quod agas desit, agas animam,

    Mart. 1, 80.—
    G.
    Of plants, to put forth or out, to shoot, extend:

    (salices) gemmas agunt,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 30:

    florem agere coeperit ficus,

    Col. R. R. 5, 10, 10:

    frondem agere,

    Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 45:

    se ad auras palmes agit,

    Verg. G. 2, 364:

    (platanum) radices trium et triginta cubitorum egisse,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 15:

    per glebas sensim radicibus actis,

    Ov. M. 4, 254; so id. ib. 2, 583:

    robora suas radices in profundum agunt,

    Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 127.—Metaph.:

    vera gloria radices agit,

    Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:

    pluma in cutem radices egerat imas,

    Ov. M. 2, 582.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Spec., to guide, govern:

    Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur,

    Verg. A. 1, 574; cf. Forbig. ad h. 1., who considers it the only instance of this use, and compares a similar use of agô; v. L. and S. s. v. II. 2.—
    B.
    In gen., to move, impel, excite, urge to a thing, to prompt or induce to:

    si quis ad illa deus te agat,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 24:

    una plaga ceteros ad certamen egit,

    Liv. 9, 41; 8, 7; 39, 15: quae te, germane, furentem Mens agit in facinus? Ov. M. 5, 14:

    totis mentibus acta,

    Sil. 10, 191:

    in furorem agere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 31:

    si Agricola in ipsam gloriam praeceps agebatur,

    Tac. Agr. 41:

    provinciam avaritia in bellum egerat,

    id. A. 14, 32.—
    C.
    To drive, stir up, excite, agitate, rouse vehemently (cf. agito, II.):

    me amor fugat, agit,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 8:

    agunt eum praecipitem poenae civium Romanorum,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 3:

    perpetua naturalis bonitas, quae nullis casibus neque agitur neque minuitur,

    Nep. Att. 9, 1 Brem.:

    opportunitas, quae etiam mediocres viros spe praedae transvorsos agit,

    i. e. leads astray, Sall. J. 6, 3; 14, 20; so Sen. Ep. 8, 3.— To pursue with hostile intent, to persecute, disturb, vex, to attack, assail (for the usu. agitare; mostly poet.):

    reginam Alecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi,

    Verg. A. 7, 405:

    non res et agentia (i. e. agitantia, vexantia) verba Lycamben,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 25:

    acerba fata Romanos agunt,

    id. Epod 7, 17:

    diris agam vos,

    id. ib. 5, 89:

    quam deus ultor agebat,

    Ov. M. 14, 750:

    futurae mortis agor stimulis,

    Luc. 4, 517; cf. Matth. ad Cic. Mur. § 21.—
    D.
    To drive at something, to pursue a course of action, i. e. to make something an object of action; either in the most general sense, like the Engl. do and the Gr. prattein, for every kind of mental or physical employment; or, in a more restricted sense, to exhibit in external action, to act or perform, to deliver or pronounce, etc., so that after the act is completed nothing remains permanent, e. g. a speech, dance, play, etc. (while facere, to make, poiein, denotes the production of an object which continues to exist after the act is completed; and gerere, the performance of the duties of an office or calling).—On these significations, v. Varr. 6, 6, 62, and 6, 7, 64, and 6, 8, 72.—For the more restricted signif. v. Quint. 2, 18, 1 sq.; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 7, 12; Hab. Syn. 426.
    1.
    In the most gen. signif., to do, act, labor, in opp. to rest or idleness.
    a.
    With the gen. objects, aliquid, nihil, plus, etc.:

    numquam se plus agere quam nihil cum ageret,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17 (cf. with this, id. Off. 3, 1: numquam se minus otiosum esse quam cum otiosus esset): mihi, qui nihil agit, esse omnino non videtur. id. N. D. 2, 16, 46:

    post satietatem nihil (est) agendum,

    Cels. 1, 2.—Hence,
    b.
    Without object:

    aliud agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132; Juv. 16, 49:

    agendi tempora,

    Tac. H. 3, 40:

    industria in agendo, celeritas in conficiendo,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 29.—
    c.
    In colloquial lang., to do, to fare, get on: quid agis? what are you doing? M. Tulli, quid agis? Cic. Cat. 1, 11:

    Quid agis?

    What's your business? Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 9; also, How goes it with you? How are you? ti pratteis, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 20; Cic. Fam. 7, 11 al.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 4:

    vereor, quid agat,

    how he is, Cic. Att. 9, 17:

    ut sciatis, quid agam,

    Vulg. Ephes. 6, 21:

    prospere agit anima tua,

    fares well, ib. 3 Joan. 2:

    quid agitur?

    how goes it with you? how do you do? how are you? Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17; 1, 5, 42; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:

    Quid intus agitur?

    is going on, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 20; id. Ps. 1, 5, 42 al.—
    d.
    With nihil or non multum, to do, i. e. to effect, accomplish, achieve nothing, or not much (orig. belonging to colloquial lang., but in the class. per. even in oratorical and poet. style): nihil agit;

    collum obstringe homini,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 29:

    nihil agis,

    you effect nothing, it is of no use, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12:

    nihil agis, dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61 Kuhn.; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 10: cupis, inquit, abire; sed nihil agis;

    usque tenebo,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 15:

    [nihil agis,] nihil assequeris,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15 B. and K.:

    ubi blanditiis agitur nihil,

    Ov. M. 6, 685: egerit non multum, has not done much, Curt. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29; cf. Ruhnk. ad Rutil. Lup. p. 120.—
    e.
    In certain circumstances, to proceed, do, act, manage (mostly belonging to familiar style): Thr. Quid nunc agimus? Gn. Quin redimus, What shall we do now? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 41:

    hei mihi! quid faciam? quid agam?

    what shall I do? how shall I act? id. Ad. 5, 3, 3:

    quid agam, habeo,

    id. And. 3, 2, 18 (= quid respondeam habeo, Don.) al.:

    sed ita quidam agebat,

    was so acting, Cic. Lig. 7, 21: a Burro minaciter actum, Burrus [p. 75] proceeded to threats, Tac. A. 13, 21.—
    2.
    To pursue, do, perform, transact (the most usual signif. of this word; in all periods; syn.: facere, efficere, transigere, gerere, tractare, curare): cui quod agat institutumst nullo negotio id agit, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 254 Vahl.): ut quae egi, ago, axim, verruncent bene, Pac. ap. Non. 505, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 114 Rib.):

    At nihil est, nisi, dum calet, hoc agitur,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 92:

    Ut id agam, quod missus huc sum,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 44: homines quae agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea si cui in somno accidunt, minus mirum est, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:

    observabo quam rem agat,

    what he is going to do, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 114:

    Id quidem ago,

    That is what I am doing, Verg. E. 9, 37:

    res vera agitur,

    Juv. 4, 35:

    Jam tempus agires,

    Verg. A. 5, 638:

    utilis rebus agendis,

    Juv. 14, 72:

    grassator ferro agit rem,

    does the business with a dagger, id. 3, 305; 6, 659 (cf.:

    gladiis geritur res,

    Liv. 9, 41):

    nihil ego nunc de istac re ago,

    do nothing about that matter, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8:

    postquam id actumst,

    after this is accomplished, id. Am. 1, 1, 72; so,

    sed quid actumst?

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 20:

    nihil aliud agebam nisi eum defenderem,

    Cic. Sull. 12:

    ne quid temere ac fortuitu, inconsiderate negligenterque agamus,

    id. Off. 1, 29:

    agamus quod instat,

    Verg. E. 9, 66:

    renuntiaverunt ei omnia, quae egerant,

    Vulg. Marc. 6, 30; ib. Act. 5, 35:

    suum negotium agere,

    to mind one's business, attend to one's own affairs, Cic. Off. 1, 9; id. de Or. 3, 55, 211; so,

    ut vestrum negotium agatis,

    Vulg. 1 Thess. 4, 11:

    neque satis Bruto constabat, quid agerent,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

    postquam res in Africa gestas, quoque modo actae forent, fama divolgavit,

    Sall. J. 30, 1:

    sed tu delibera, utrum colloqui malis an per litteras agere quae cogitas,

    Nep. Con. 3, 8 al. —With the spec. idea of completing, finishing: jucundi acti labores, a proverb in Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105.—
    3.
    To pursue in one's mind, to drive at, to revolve, to be occupied with, think upon, have in view, aim at (cf. agito, II. E., volvo and voluto):

    nescio quid mens mea majus agit,

    Ov. H. 12, 212:

    hoc variis mens ipsa modis agit,

    Val. Fl. 3, 392:

    agere fratri proditionem,

    Tac. H. 2, 26:

    de intranda Britannia,

    id. Agr. 13.—
    4.
    With a verbal subst., as a favorite circumlocution for the action indicated by the subst. (cf. in Gr. agô with verbal subst.):

    rimas agere (sometimes ducere),

    to open in cracks, fissures, to crack, Cic. Att. 14, 9; Ov. M. 2, 211; Luc. 6, 728: vos qui regalis corporis custodias agitis, keep watch over, guard, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1; so Liv. 5, 10:

    vigilias agere,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 43, 93; Nep. Thras. 4; Tac. H. 3, 76:

    excubias alicui,

    Ov. F. 3, 245:

    excubias,

    Tac. H. 4, 58:

    pervigilium,

    Suet. Vit. 10:

    stationem agere,

    to keep guard, Liv. 35, 29; Tac. H. 1, 28:

    triumphum agere,

    to triumph, Cic. Fam. 3, 10; Ov. M. 15, 757; Suet. Dom. 6:

    libera arbitria agere,

    to make free decisions, to decide arbitrarily, Liv. 24, 45; Curt. 6, 1, 19; 8, 1, 4:

    paenitentiam agere,

    to exercise repentance, to repent, Quint. 9, 3, 12; Petr. S. 132; Tac. Or. 15; Curt. 8, 6, 23; Plin. Ep. 7, 10; Vulg. Lev. 5, 5; ib. Matt. 3, 2; ib. Apoc. 2, 5:

    silentia agere,

    to maintain silence, Ov. M. 1, 349:

    pacem agere,

    Juv. 15, 163:

    crimen agere,

    to bring accusation, to accuse, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48:

    laborem agere,

    id. Fin. 2, 32:

    cursus agere,

    Ov. Am. 3, 6, 95:

    delectum agere,

    to make choice, to choose, Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 107; Quint. 10, 4, 5:

    experimenta agere,

    Liv. 9, 14; Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:

    mensuram,

    id. 15, 3, 4, § 14:

    curam agere,

    to care for, Ov. H. 15, 302; Quint. 8, prooem. 18:

    curam ejus egit,

    Vulg. Luc. 10, 34:

    oblivia agere,

    to forget, Ov. M. 12, 540:

    nugas agere,

    to trifle, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 29; id. As. 1, 1, 78, and often:

    officinas agere,

    to keep shop, Inscr. Orell. 4266.—So esp.: agere gratias ( poet. grates; never in sing. gratiam), to give thanks, to thank; Gr. charin echein ( habere gratiam is to be or feel grateful; Gr. charin eidenai; and referre gratiam, to return a favor, requite; Gr. charin apodidonai; cf. Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 7):

    diis gratias pro meritis agere,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26:

    Haud male agit gratias,

    id. Aul. 4, 4, 31:

    Magnas vero agere gratias Thais mihi?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 1:

    Dis magnas merito gratias habeo atque ago,

    id. Phorm. 5, 6, 80: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter, Cic. Fam. 1, 10: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam;

    nam relaturum me adfirmare non possum,

    id. ib. 10, 11, 1: maximas tibi omnes gratias agimus, C. Caesar;

    majores etiam habemus,

    id. Marcell. 11, 33:

    Trebatio magnas ago gratias, quod, etc.,

    id. Fam. 11, 28, 8: renuntiate gratias regi me agere;

    referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 37: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque, reliqui Caelites, * Cic. Rep. 6, 9:

    gaudet et invito grates agit inde parenti,

    Ov. M. 2, 152; so id. ib. 6, 435; 484; 10, 291; 681; 14, 596; Vulg. 2 Reg. 8, 10; ib. Matt. 15, 36 al.;

    and in connection with this, laudes agere: Jovis fratri laudes ago et grates gratiasque habeo,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 2:

    Dianae laudes gratesque agam,

    id. Mil. 2, 5, 2; so,

    diis immortalibus laudesque et grates egit,

    Liv. 26, 48:

    agi sibi gratias passus est,

    Tac. Agr. 42; so id. H. 2, 71; 4, 51; id. A. 13, 21; but oftener grates or gratis in Tac.:

    Tiberius egit gratis benevolentiae patrum, A. 6, 2: agit grates,

    id. H. 3, 80; 4, 64; id. A. 2, 38; 2, 86; 3, 18; 3, 24; 4, 15 al.—
    5.
    Of time, to pass, spend (very freq. and class.): Romulus in caelo cum dis agit aevom, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28; so Pac. id. ib. 2, 21, 49, and Hor. S. 1, 5, 101:

    tempus,

    Tac. H. 4, 62; id. A. 3, 16: domi aetatem, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6:

    aetatem in litteris,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

    senectutem,

    id. Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 17, 60:

    dies festos,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Tac. G. 17:

    otia secura,

    Verg. G. 3, 377; Ov. F. 1, 68; 4, 926:

    ruri agere vitam,

    Liv. 7, 39, and Tac. A. 15, 63:

    vitam in terris,

    Verg. G. 2, 538:

    tranquillam vitam agere,

    Vulg. 1 Tim. 2, 2:

    Hunc (diem) agerem si,

    Verg. A. 5, 51:

    ver magnus agebat Orbis,

    id. G. 2, 338:

    aestiva agere,

    to pass, be in, summer quarters, Liv. 27, 8; 27, 21; Curt. 5, 8, 24.— Pass.:

    menses jam tibi esse actos vides,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 2:

    mensis agitur hic septimus,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 34, and Ov. M. 7, 700:

    melior pars acta (est) diei,

    Verg. A. 9, 156; Juv. 4, 66; Tac. A. 15, 63:

    acta est per lacrimas nox,

    Ov. H. 12, 58 Ruhnk.:

    tunc principium anni agebatur,

    Liv. 3, 6:

    actis quindecim annis in regno,

    Just. 41, 5, 9:

    Nona aetas agitur,

    Juv. 13, 28 al. —With annus and an ordinal, to be of a certain age, to be so old:

    quartum annum ago et octogesimum,

    am eighty-four years old, Cic. Sen. 10, 32:

    Annum agens sextum decimum patrem amisit,

    Suet. Caes. 1.—Metaph.: sescentesimum et quadragesimum annum urbs nostra agebat, was in its 640 th year, Tac. G. 37.— Hence also absol. (rare), to pass or spend time, to live, to be, to be somewhere:

    civitas laeta agere,

    was joyful, Sall. J. 55, 2:

    tum Marius apud primos agebat,

    id. ib. 101, 6:

    in Africa, qua procul a mari incultius agebatur,

    id. ib. 89, 7:

    apud illos homines, qui tum agebant,

    Tac. A. 3, 19:

    Thracia discors agebat,

    id. ib. 3, 38:

    Juxta Hermunduros Naristi agunt,

    Tac. G. 42:

    ultra jugum plurimae gentes agunt,

    id. ib. 43:

    Gallos trans Padum agentes,

    id. H. 3, 34:

    quibus (annis) exul Rhodi agit,

    id. A. 1, 4:

    agere inter homines desinere,

    id. ib. 15, 74:

    Vitellius non in ore volgi agere,

    was not in the sight of the people, id. H. 3, 36:

    ante aciem agere,

    id. G. 7; and:

    in armis agere,

    id. A. 14, 55 = versari.—
    6.
    In the lang. of offerings, t. t., to despatch the victim, to kill, slay. In performing this rite, the sacrificer asked the priest, agone, shall I do it? and the latter answered, age or hoc age, do it:

    qui calido strictos tincturus sanguine cultros semper, Agone? rogat, nec nisi jussus agit,

    Ov. F. 1. 321 (cf. agonia and agonalia):

    a tergo Chaeream cervicem (Caligulae) gladio caesim graviter percussisse, praemissa voce,

    hoc age, Suet. Calig. 58; id. Galb. 20. —This call of the priest in act of solemn sacrifice, Hoc age, warned the assembled multitude to be quiet and give attention; hence hoc or id and sometimes haec or istuc agere was used for, to give attention to, to attend to, to mind, heed; and followed by ut or ne, to pursue a thing, have it in view, aim at, design, etc.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 1, 2, 15, and Suet. Calig. 58: hoc agite, Plaut. As. prol. init.:

    Hoc age,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 152; id. Ep. 1, 6, 31:

    Hoc agite, of poetry,

    Juv. 7, 20:

    hoc agamus,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 12:

    haec agamus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 49:

    agere hoc possumus,

    Lucr. 1, 41; 4, 969; Juv. 7, 48:

    hoccine agis an non? hoc agam,

    id. ib., Ter. And. 1, 2, 15; 2, 5, 4:

    nunc istuc age,

    id. Heaut. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 3 al.:

    Hoc egit civis Romanus ante te nemo,

    Cic. Lig. 4, 11:

    id et agunt et moliuntur,

    id. Mur. 38:

    (oculi, aures, etc.) quasi fenestrae sunt animi, quibus tamen sentire nihil queat mens, nisi id agat et adsit,

    id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46: qui id egerunt, ut gentem... collocarent, aimed at this, that, etc., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12:

    qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

    keep it in view, that, id. Off. 1, 13, 41:

    idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?

    id. Lig. 6, 18:

    Hoc agit, ut doleas,

    Juv. 5, 157:

    Hoc age, ne mutata retrorsum te ferat aura,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 88:

    Quid tuus ille destrictus gladius agebat?

    have in view, mean, Cic. Leg. 3, 9:

    Quid aliud egimus nisi ut, quod hic potest, nos possemus?

    id. ib. 4, 10:

    Sin autem id actum est, ut homines postremi pecuniis alienis locupletarentur,

    id. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:

    certiorem eum fecit, id agi, ut pons dissolveretur,

    Nep. Them. 5, 1:

    ego id semper egi, ne bellis interessem,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7.—Also, the opp.: alias res or aliud agere, not to attend to, heed, or observe, to pursue secondary or subordinate objects: Ch. Alias res agis. Pa. Istuc ago equidem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 57; id. Hec. 5, 3, 28:

    usque eo animadverti eum jocari atque alias res agere,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 22:

    atqui vides, quam alias res agamus,

    id. de Or. 3, 14, 51; id. Brut. 66, 233:

    aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodi cogitans,

    id. Clu. 64.—
    7.
    In relation to public affairs, to conduct, manage, carry on, administer: agere bellum, to carry on or wage war (embracing the whole theory and practice of war, while bellum gerere designates the bodily and mental effort, and the bearing of the necessary burdens; and bellum facere, the actual outbreak of hostile feelings, v. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 28):

    qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum agere instituerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 28:

    Antiochus si tam in agendo bello parere voluisset consiliis ejus (Hannibalis) quam in suscipiendo instituerat, etc.,

    Nep. Hann. 8, 3; Curt. 4, 10, 29:

    aliena bella mercedibus agere,

    Mel. 1, 16:

    Bellaque non puero tractat agenda puer,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 182 (also in id. Tr. 2, 230, Gron. Observ. 2, 3, 227, for the usu. obit, with one MS., reads agit; so Merkel).— Poet.:

    Martem for bellum,

    Luc. 4, 2: agere proelium, to give battle (very rare):

    levibus proeliis cum Gallis actis,

    Liv. 22, 9.—Of offices, employments, etc., to conduct, exercise, administer, hold:

    forum agere,

    to hold court, Cic. Fam. 8, 6; and:

    conventus agere,

    to hold the assizes, id. Verr. 5, 11, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 54; 6, 44;

    used of the governors of provinces: judicium agere,

    Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:

    vivorum coetus agere,

    to make assemblies of, to assemble, Tac. A. 16, 34:

    censum agere,

    Liv. 3, 22; Tac. A. 14, 46; Suet. Aug. 27:

    recensum agere,

    id. Caes. 41:

    potestatem agere,

    Flor. 1, 7, 2:

    honorem agere,

    Liv. 8, 26:

    regnum,

    Flor. 1, 6, 2:

    rem publicam,

    Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 8:

    consulatum,

    Quint. 12, 1, 16:

    praefecturam,

    Suet. Tib. 6:

    centurionatum,

    Tac. A. 1, 44:

    senatum,

    Suet. Caes. 88:

    fiscum agere,

    to have charge of the treasury, id. Dom. 12:

    publicum agere,

    to collect the taxes, id. Vesp. 1:

    inquisitionem agere,

    Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:

    curam alicujus rei agere,

    to have the management of, to manage, Liv. 6, 15; Suet. Claud. 18:

    rei publicae curationem agens,

    Liv. 4, 13: dilectum agere, to make a levy, to levy (postAug. for dilectum habere, Cic., Caes., Sall.), Quint. 12, 3, 5; Tac. A. 2, 16; id. Agr. 7 and 10; id. H. 2, 16, 12; Suet. Calig. 43. —
    8.
    Of civil and political transactions in the senate, the forum, before tribunals of justice, etc., to manage or transact, to do, to discuss, plead, speak, deliberate; constr. aliquid or de aliqua re:

    velim recordere, quae ego de te in senatu egerim, quae in contionibus dixerim,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 2; 1, 9:

    de condicionibus pacis,

    Liv. 8, 37:

    de summa re publica,

    Suet. Caes. 28:

    cum de Catilinae conjuratione ageretur in curia,

    id. Aug. 94:

    de poena alicujus,

    Liv. 5, 36:

    de agro plebis,

    id. 1, 46.—Hence the phrase: agere cum populo, of magistrates, to address the people in a public assembly, for the purpose of obtaining their approval or rejection of a thing (while [p. 76] agere ad populum signifies to propose, to bring before the people):

    cum populo agere est rogare quid populum, quod suffragiis suis aut jubeat aut vetet,

    Gell. 13, 15, 10:

    agere cum populo de re publica,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 12; id. Lael. 25, 96:

    neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat neve cum populo agat,

    Sall. C. 51, 43.—So also absol.:

    hic locus (rostra) ad agendum amplissimus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1:

    Metellus cum agere coepisset, tertio quoque verbo orationis suae me appellabat,

    id. Fam. 5, 2.— Transf. to common life.
    a.
    Agere cum aliquo, de aliquo or re or ut, to treat, deal, negotiate, confer, talk with one about a person or thing; to endeavor to persuade or move one, that, etc.: nihil age tecum (sc. cum odore vini);

    ubi est ipsus (vini lepos)?

    I have nothing to do with you, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 11:

    Quae (patria) tecum, Catilina, sic agit,

    thus pleads, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 18:

    algae Inquisitores agerent cum remige nudo,

    Juv. 4, 49:

    haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant,

    thus treated together, Verg. A. 11, 445:

    de quo et praesens tecum egi diligenter, et scripsi ad te accurate antea,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 75:

    egi cum Claudia et cum vestra sorore Mucia, ut eum ab illa injuria deterrerent,

    id. ib. 5, 2:

    misi ad Metellum communes amicos, qui agerent cum eo, ut de illa mente desisteret,

    id. ib. 5, 2:

    Callias quidam egit cum Cimone, ut eam (Elpinicen) sibi uxorem daret,

    Nep. Cim. 1, 3.—Also absol.:

    Alcibiades praesente vulgo agere coepit,

    Nep. Alc. 8, 2:

    si qua Caesares obtinendae Armeniae egerant,

    Tac. A. 15, 14:

    ut Lucretius agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,

    Liv. 2, 2.—In Suet. once agere cum senatu, with acc. and inf., to propose or state to the Senate:

    Tiberius egit cum senatu non debere talia praemia tribui,

    Suet. Tib. 54.—
    b.
    With the advv. bene, praeclare, male, etc., to deal well or ill with one, to treat or use well or ill:

    facile est bene agere cum eis, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 11:

    bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade, si, etc.,

    Val. Max. 5, 3, 3 ext.; Vulg. Jud. 9, 16:

    praeclare cum aliquo agere,

    Cic. Sest. 23:

    Male agis mecum,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 21:

    qui cum creditoribus suis male agat,

    Cic. Quinct. 84; and:

    tu contra me male agis,

    Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—Freq. in pass., to be or go well or ill with one, to be well or badly off:

    intelleget secum actum esse pessime,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 50:

    praeclare mecum actum puto,

    id. Fam. 9, 24; so id. ib. 5, 18: exstat cujusdam non inscitus jocus bene agi potuisse cum rebus humanis, si Domitius pater talem habuisset uxorem, it would have gone well with human affairs, been well for mankind, if, etc., Suet. Ner. 28.—Also absol. without cum: agitur praeclare, si nosmet ipsos regere possumus, it is well done if, etc., it is a splendid thing if, etc., Cic. Fam. 4, 14:

    vivitur cum eis, in quibus praeclare agitur si sunt simulacra virtutis,

    id. Off. 1, 15:

    bene agitur pro noxia,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—
    9.
    Of transactions before a court or tribunal.
    a.
    Aliquid agere ex jure, ex syngrapha, ex sponso, or simply the abl. jure, lege, litibus, obsignatis tabellis, causa, to bring an action or suit, to manage a cause, to plead a case:

    ex jure civili et praetorio agere,

    Cic. Caecin. 12:

    tamquam ex syngrapha agere cum populo,

    to litigate, id. Mur. 17:

    ex sponso egit,

    id. Quint. 9: Ph. Una injuriast Tecum. Ch. Lege agito ergo, Go to law, then, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90:

    agere lege in hereditatem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175; Ov. F. 1, 48; Liv. 9, 46:

    cum illo se lege agere dicebat,

    Nep. Tim. 5: summo jure agere, to assert or claim one's right to the full extent of the law, Cic. Off. 1, 11:

    non enim gladiis mecum, sed litibus agetur,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 4:

    causa quam vi agere malle,

    Tac. A. 13, 37:

    tabellis obsignatis agis mecum,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

    Jure, ut opinor, agat, jure increpet inciletque,

    with right would bring her charge, Lucr. 3, 963; so,

    Castrensis jurisdictio plura manu agens,

    settles more cases by force, Tac. Agr. 9:

    ubi manu agitur,

    when the case is settled by violent hands, id. G. 36.—
    b.
    Causam or rem agere, to try or plead a case; with apud, ad, or absol.:

    causam apud centumviros egit,

    Cic. Caecin. 24:

    Caesar cum ageret apud censores,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10; so with adversus:

    egi causam adversus magistratus,

    Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 11:

    orator agere dicitur causam,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 42: causam isto modo agere, Cic. Lig. 4, 10; Tac. Or. 5; 11; 14; Juv. 2, 51; 14, 132:

    agit causas liberales,

    Cic. Fam. 8, 9: qui ad rem agendam adsunt, M. Cael. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 51:

    cum (M. Tullius) et ipsam se rem agere diceret,

    Quint. 12, 10, 45: Gripe, accede huc;

    tua res agitur,

    is being tried, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 104; Quint. 8, 3, 13;

    and extra-judicially: rogo ad Caesarem meam causam agas,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 10:

    Una (factio) populi causam agebat, altera optimatum,

    Nep. Phoc. 3; so, agere, absol., to plead' ad judicem sic agi solet, Cic. Lig. 10:

    tam solute agere, tam leniter,

    id. Brut. 80:

    tu istuc nisi fingeres, sic ageres?

    id. ib. 80; Juv. 7, 143 and 144; 14, 32.— Transf. to common life; with de or acc., to discuss, treat, speak of:

    Sed estne hic ipsus, de quo agebam?

    of whom I was speaking, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53:

    causa non solum exponenda, sed etiam graviter copioseque agenda est,

    to be discussed, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37:

    Samnitium bella, quae agimus,

    are treating of, Liv. 10, 31.—Hence,
    c.
    Agere aliquem reum, to proceed against one as accused, to accuse one, Liv. 4, 42; 24, 25; Tac. A. 14, 18:

    reus agitur,

    id. ib. 15, 20; 3, 13; and with the gen. of the crime, with which one is charged:

    agere furti,

    to accuse of theft, Cic. Fam. 7, 22:

    adulterii cum aliquo,

    Quint. 4, 4, 8:

    injuriarum,

    id. 3, 6, 19; and often in the Pandects.—
    d.
    Pass. of the thing which is the subject of accusation, to be in suit or in question; it concerns or affects, is about, etc.:

    non nunc pecunia, sed illud agitur, quomodo, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 67:

    non capitis ei res agitur, sed pecuniae,

    the point in dispute, id. Phorm. 4, 3, 26:

    aguntur injuriae sociorum, agitur vis legum, agitur existimatio, veritasque judiciorum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:

    si magna res, magna hereditas agetur,

    id. Fin. 2, 17: qua de re agitur, what the point of dispute or litigation is, id. Brut. 79.—Hence, trop.,
    (α).
    Res agitur, the case is on trial, i. e. something is at stake or at hazard, in peril, or in danger:

    at nos, quarum res agitur, aliter auctores sumus,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 72:

    quasi istic mea res minor agatur quam tua,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113:

    agitur populi Romani gloria, agitur salus sociorum atque amicorum, aguntur certissima populi Romani vectigalia et maxima, aguntur bona multorum civium,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

    in quibus eorum aut caput agatur aut fama,

    id. Lael. 17, 61; Nep. Att. 15, 2:

    non libertas solum agebatur,

    Liv. 28, 19; Sen. Clem. 1, 20 al.:

    nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84 (= in periculo versatur, Lambin.):

    agitur pars tertia mundi,

    is at stake, I am in danger of losing, Ov. M. 5, 372.—
    (β).
    Res acta est, the case is over (and done for): acta haec res est;

    perii,

    this matter is ended, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 3: hence, actum est de aliquo or aliqua re, it is all over with a person or thing:

    actum hodie est de me,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63:

    jam de Servio actum,

    Liv. 1, 47:

    actum est de collo meo,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 4, 194.—So also absol.: actumst;

    ilicet me infelicem,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 17:

    si animus hominem pepulit, actumst,

    id. Trin. 2, 2, 27; Ter. And. 3, 1, 7; Cic. Att. 5, 15:

    actumst, ilicet, peristi,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 9: periimus;

    actumst,

    id. Heaut. 3, 3, 3.—
    (γ).
    Rem actam agere, to plead a case already finished, i. e. to act to no purpose:

    rem actam agis,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 27; id. Cist. 4, 2, 36; Liv. 28, 40; so,

    actum or acta agere: actum, aiunt, ne agas,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Att. 9, 18:

    acta agimus,

    id. Am. 22.—
    10. a.
    Of an orator, Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 79:

    quae sic ab illo acta esse constabat oculis, voce, gestu, inimici ut lacrimas tenere non possent,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 214:

    agere fortius et audentius volo,

    Tac. Or. 18; 39.—
    b.
    Of an actor, to represent, play, act:

    Ipse hanc acturust Juppiter comoediam,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 88; so,

    fabulam,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 12; id. Hec. prol. 22:

    dum haec agitur fabula,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 72 al.:

    partis,

    to have a part in a play, Ter. Phorm. prol. 27:

    Ballionem illum cum agit, agit Chaeream,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 7:

    gestum agere in scaena,

    id. de Or. 2, 57:

    dicitur canticum egisse aliquanto magis vigente motu,

    Liv. 7, 2 al. — Transf. to other relations, to represent or personate one, to act the part of, to act as, behave like: has partes lenitatis semper egi, Cic. Mur. 3:

    egi illos omnes adulescentes, quos ille actitat,

    id. Fam. 2, 9:

    amicum imperatoris,

    Tac. H. 1, 30:

    exulem,

    id. A. 1, 4:

    socium magis imperii quam ministrum,

    id. H. 2, 83:

    senatorem,

    Tac. A. 16, 28.—So of things poetically:

    utrinque prora frontem agit,

    serves as a bow, Tac. G. 44.—
    11.
    Se agere = se gerere, to carry one's self, to behave, deport one's self:

    tanta mobilitate sese Numidae agunt,

    Sall. J. 56, 5:

    quanto ferocius ante se egerint,

    Tac. H. 3, 2 Halm:

    qui se pro equitibus Romanis agerent,

    Suet. Claud. 25:

    non principem se, sed ministrum egit,

    id. ib. 29:

    neglegenter se et avare agere,

    Eutr. 6, 9:

    prudenter se agebat,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5:

    sapienter se agebat,

    ib. 4 Reg. 18, 7. —Also absol.:

    seditiose,

    Tac. Agr. 7:

    facile justeque,

    id. ib. 9:

    superbe,

    id. H. 2, 27:

    ex aequo,

    id. ib. 4, 64:

    anxius et intentus agebat,

    id. Agr. 5.—
    12.
    Imper.: age, agite, Ter., Tib., Lucr., Hor., Ov., never using agite, and Catull. never age, with which compare the Gr. age, agete (also accompanied by the particles dum, eia, en, ergo, igitur, jam, modo, nuncjam, porro, quare, quin, sane, vero, verum, and by sis); as an exclamation.
    a.
    In encouragement, exhortation, come! come on! (old Engl. go to!) up! on! quick! (cf. I. B. fin.).
    (α).
    In the sing.:

    age, adsta, mane, audi, Enn. ap. Delr. Synt. 1, 99: age i tu secundum,

    come, follow me! Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 1:

    age, perge, quaeso,

    id. Cist. 2, 3, 12:

    age, da veniam filio,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14:

    age, age, nunc experiamur,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 23:

    age sis tu... delude,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 89; id. Ep. 3, 4, 39; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 16:

    quanto ferocius ante se egerint, agedum eam solve cistulam,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 151; id. Capt. 3, 4, 39:

    Agedum vicissim dic,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Eun. 4, 4, 27:

    agedum humanis concede,

    Lucr. 3, 962:

    age modo hodie sero,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103:

    age nuncjam,

    id. And. 5, 2, 25:

    En age, quid cessas,

    Tib. 2, 2, 10:

    Quare age,

    Verg. A. 7, 429:

    Verum age,

    id. ib. 12, 832:

    Quin age,

    id. G. 4, 329:

    en, age, Rumpe moras,

    id. ib. 3, 43:

    eia age,

    id. A. 4, 569.—
    (β).
    In the plur.:

    agite, pugni,

    up, fists, and at 'em! Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 146:

    agite bibite,

    id. Curc. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 1, 3, 68:

    agite in modum dicite,

    Cat. 61, 38:

    Quare agite... conjungite,

    id. 64, 372; Verg. A. 1, 627:

    vos agite... volvite,

    Val. Fl. 3, 311:

    agite nunc, divites, plorate,

    Vulg. Jac. 5, 1:

    agitedum,

    Liv. 3, 62.—Also age in the sing., with a verb in the plur. (cf. age tamnete, Hom. Od. 3, 332; age dê trapeiomen, id. Il. 3, 441):

    age igitur, intro abite,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:

    En agedum convertite,

    Prop. 1, 1, 21:

    mittite, agedum, legatos,

    Liv. 38, 47:

    Ite age,

    Stat. Th. 10, 33:

    Huc age adeste,

    Sil. 11, 169.—
    b.
    In transitions in discourse, well then! well now! well! (esp. in Cic. Or. very freq.). So in Plaut. for resuming discourse that has been interrupted: age, tu interea huic somnium narra, Curc. 2, 2, 5: nunc age, res quoniam docui non posse creari, etc., well now, since I have taught, etc., Lucr. 1, 266:

    nunc age, quod superest, cognosce et clarius audi,

    id. 1, 920; so id. 1, 952; 2, 62; 333; 730; 3, 418;

    4, 109 al.: age porro, tu, qui existimari te voluisti interpretem foederum, cur, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22; so id. Rosc. Am. 16; id. Part. 12; id. Att. 8, 3.—And age (as in a.) with a verb in the plur.:

    age vero, ceteris in rebus qualis sit temperantia considerate,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14; so id. Sull. 26; id. Mil. 21; id. Rosc. Am. 37.—
    c.
    As a sign of assent, well! very well! good! right! Age, age, mansero, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 61: age, age, jam ducat;

    dabo,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 57:

    Age, veniam,

    id. And. 4, 2, 30:

    age, sit ita factum,

    Cic. Mil. 19:

    age sane,

    Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 27; Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119.
    Position.
    —Age, used with another verb in the imperative, regularly stands before it, but in poetry, for the sake of the metre, it,
    I.
    Sometimes follows such verb; as,
    a.
    In dactylic metre:

    Cede agedum,

    Prop. 5, 9, 54:

    Dic age,

    Verg. A. 6, 343; Hor. S. 2, 7, 92; Ov. F. 1, 149:

    Esto age,

    Pers. 2, 42:

    Fare age,

    Verg. A. 3, 362:

    Finge age,

    Ov. H. 7, 65:

    Redde age,

    Hor. S. 2, 8, 80:

    Surge age,

    Verg. A. 3, 169; 8, 59; 10, 241; Ov. H. 14, 73:

    Vade age,

    Verg. A. 3, 462; 4, 422; so,

    agite: Ite agite,

    Prop. 4, 3, 7.—
    b.
    In other metres (very rarely):

    appropera age,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 38:

    dic age,

    Hor. C. 1, [p. 77] 32, 3; 2, 11, 22;

    3, 4, 1.—So also in prose (very rarely): Mittite agedum,

    Liv. 38, 47:

    procedat agedum ad pugnam,

    id. 7, 9.—
    II.
    It is often separated from such verb:

    age me huc adspice,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 118; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:

    Age... instiga,

    Ter. And. 4, 2, 10; 5, 6, 11:

    Quare agite... conjungite,

    Cat. 64, 372:

    Huc age... veni,

    Tib. 2, 5, 2:

    Ergo age cervici imponere nostrae,

    Verg. A. 2, 707:

    en age segnis Rumpe moras,

    id. G. 3, 42:

    age te procellae Crede,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 62:

    Age jam... condisce,

    id. ib. 4, 11, 31; id. S. 2, 7, 4.—Hence,
    1.
    ăgens, entis, P. a.
    A.
    Adj.
    1.
    Efficient, effective, powerful (only in the rhet. lang. of Cic.):

    utendum est imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358:

    acre orator, incensus et agens,

    id. Brut. 92, 317.— Comp. and sup. not used.
    2.
    Agentia verba, in the grammarians, for verba activa, Gell. 18, 12.—
    B.
    Subst.: ăgentes, ium.
    a.
    Under the emperors, a kind of secret police (also called frumentarii and curiosi), Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.; Dig. 1, 12; 1, 20; 21; 22; 23, etc.; Amm. 15, 3; 14, 11 al.—
    b.
    For agrimensores, land-surveyors, Hyg. Lim. p. 179.—
    2.
    actus, a, um, P. a. Lit., that has been transacted in the Senate, in the forum, before the courts of justice, etc.; hence,
    A.
    actum, i, n., a public transaction in the Senate, before the people, or before a single magistrate:

    actum ejus, qui in re publica cum imperio versatus sit,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 7:

    acta Caesaris servanda censeo,

    id. ib. 1, 7:

    acta tui praeclari tribunatus,

    id. Dom. 31.—
    B.
    acta publĭca, or absol.: acta, orum, n., the register of public acts, records, journal. Julius Caesar, in his consulship, ordered that the doings of the Senate (diurna acta) should be made public, Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Ernest. Exc. 1;

    but Augustus again prohibited it,

    Suet. Aug. 36. Still the acts of the Senate were written down, and, under the succeeding emperors. certain senators were appointed to this office (actis vel commentariis Senatus conficiendis), Tac. A. 5, 4. They had also public registers of the transactions of the assemblies of the people, and of the different courts of justice;

    also of births and deaths, marriages, divorces, etc., which were preserved as sources of future history.—Hence, diurna urbis acta,

    the city journal, Tac. A. 13, 31:

    acta populi,

    Suet. Caes. 20:

    acta publica,

    Tac. A. 12, 24; Suet. Tib. 8; Plin. Ep. 7, 33:

    urbana,

    id. ib. 9, 15; which were all comprehended under the gen. name acta.
    1.
    With the time added:

    acta eorum temporum,

    Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 60:

    illius temporis,

    Ascon. Mil. 44, 16:

    ejus anni,

    Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147.—
    2.
    Absol., Cic. Fam. 12, 8; 22, 1; 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 10; 3, 16; Suet. Calig. 8; Quint. 9, 3; Juv. 2, 136: Quis dabit historico, quantum daret acta legenti, i. e. to the actuarius, q. v., id. 7, 104; cf. Bahr's Rom. Lit. Gesch. 303.—
    C.
    acta triumphōrum, the public record of triumphs, fuller than the Fasti triumphales, Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 12.—
    D.
    acta fŏri (v. Inscr. Grut. 445, 10), the records,
    a.
    Of strictly historical transactions, Amm. 22, 3, 4; Dig. 4, 6, 33, § 1.—
    b.
    Of matters of private right, as wills, gifts, bonds (acta ad jus privatorum pertinentia, Dig. 49, 14, 45, § 4), Fragm. Vat. §§ 249, 266, 268, 317.—
    E.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > acta militaria

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